The Veritable Key of Solomon - Stephen Skinner, David Rankine

Sourceworks of Ceremonial Magic Series Volume IV - The Veritable Key of Solomon

This Numbered Leather Edition is Limited to 350 copies of which this is No ...

In the same series: Volume I - The Practical Angel Magic of John Dee's Enochian TablesISBN 978-0-9547639-0-9 Volume II - The Keys to the Gateway of Magic: Summoning the Solomonic Archangels and Demonic Princes - ISBN 978-0-9547639-1-6 Volume III - The Goetia of Dr Rudd: The Angels & Demons of Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia - ISBN 978-0-9547639-2-3 Volume IV - The Veritable Key of Solomon - ISBN 978-0-9547639-8-5

For further details of forthcoming volumes in this series, edited from rare classic magical manuscripts visit www.GoldenHoard.com

Other Books on the Western Esoteric Tradition by the same Authors Practical Angel Magic of Dr John Dee's Enochian Tables - Volume I Keys to the Gateway of Magic - Volume II The Goetia of Dr Rudd - Volume III The Veritable Key of Solomon - Volume IV

by Stephen Skinner The Complete Magician's Tables Guide to the Feng Shui Compass Agrippa's Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy [edited] Complete Enochian Dictionary [with Dr. Donald Layco*ck] Terrestrial Astrology: Divination by Geomancy Techniques of High Magic [with Francis King] Magical Diaries of Aleister Crowley [edited] Millennium Prophecies: Apocalypse 2000 Paracelsus' Archidoxes of Magic [edited] Search for Abraxas [with Nevill Drury] Aleister Crowley's Astrology [edited] Geomancy in Theory and Practice Nostradamus [with Francis King] Oracle of Geomancy Sacred Geometry

by David Rankine Becoming Magick Climbing the Tree of Life Crystals: Healing & Folklore Heka: Ancient Egyptian Magic Circle of Fire [with Sorita d'Este] Practical Elemental Magick [with Sorita d'Este] Wicca: Magickal Beginnings [with Sorita d'Este] Practical Planetary Magick [with Sorita d' Este] The Guises of the Morrigan [with Sorita d'Este] The Isles of the Many Gods [with Sarita d'Este] Avalonia's Book of Chakras [with Sarita d'Este] Magick Without Peers [with Ariadne Rainbird]

Nonne Salomon dominatus dCI!monum est?

"Had not Solomon dominion over the demons?" - Pentecost sermon by Leontius of Constantinople, 11th century

Contents Contents Figures Acknow ledgements Introduction The Manuscripts History and Overview Book Titles Attributed to Solomon Manuscript Family Groups Manuscript Text-Groups Manuscript Grouping by Language Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh The Greek Roots of the Key of Solomon Content of the Manuscripts Provenance of the Manuscripts The Scribes The Three Keys of Solomon KEy 1 - The Keys of Rabbi Solomon

12 13 15 17 19 24

25 33 53 56 64

65 66 69

Preface 73 1. Which skills you must Possess to involve yourselves in Cabalistic Secrets. 75 2. What are the most fitting Times and Places for the Operations. 79 3. Concerning the Materials which are used for the Operations. 81 4. What Instruments and Utensils are Important for the Operations. 85 5. What are the Lunar Influences and Secret Qualities affected by the Moon. 87 6. Concerning the Manner of Working with the Figures and Characters. 90 7. Concerning the hours of the Day and the Night for the seven days. 94 8. Concerning Perfumes appropriate to the Seven Planets for each day. 96 9. Concerning Prayers, Invocations and Conjurations for each day. 99 10. Concerning the Prayers in the form of Exorcisms. 100 11. Concerning the Colours Corresponding to the Seven Planets. 102 12. Names of the Seasons and the Angels which preside over each. 103 Pentacles, Seals, Characters, Spirits, Intelligences of the Seven Days. 104 13. In which we Explain the Process for making the Pentacles. 215 14. Concerning Items which are specifically affected by the Seven Planets. 216 15. Concerning the Mystical Rings. 228 16. Concerning the Names of the Angels of the hours of the Day & Night. 224 17. Concerning Mystical Dreams and the manner of preparing to have them. 225 18. How to set Quicksilver Plates and make Talismans out of them. 228 19. Designs for the Pentacles for each day of the week for each Season. 230 20. In which the Secrets of great Curiosity are revealed. 252

The Talismans or Characters of the Twelve Rings

264

The Veritable Key of Solomon

KEY 2 - The Little Key or Key of Solomon, King of the Hebrews

273

First Book 1. Concerning Divine Love which should precede Knowledge. 2. Concerning Days, Hours and Planetary Virtues. 3. Concerning Magical Arts. 4. Confession which the Exorcist must do and Recite. 5. Prayers and Conjurations. 6. Stronger and more Powerful Conjurations. 7. Very Powerful Conjurations. 8. Of Talismans and Pentacles and how you must make them. 9. Concerning Workings for Stolen Goods. Supplementary Chapters 10. Of the Experiment of Invisibility. 11. Concerning the Operation of Love. 12. Concerning the Operation or work of the Apple. 13. Operation for Love in Dreams and how you should Practice. 14. Operation for stirring up Hatred and the Destruction of Enemies. 15. Operations of Trickery, Mockery, Invisibility and Deception. 16. Extraordinary Experiments and Operations. 17. Concerning the Holy Pentacles, Talismans or Medallions. 18. To Hinder a Sportsman from Killing any Game. 19. How to Make the Magic Garters. 20. How to Make The Magic Carpet for the Interrogation of Intelligences. 21. How to Render thyself Master of a Treasure Possessed by the Spirits. 22. Of the Experiment of Seeking Favour and Love.

308 311 314 316 317 319 320 321 322 323 324 326 328

Second Book 1. At what Hour should we give Perfection to the Working. 2. In what Manner the Master of the Art should Govern Himself. 3. How the Companions and Disciples should Govern Themselves. 4. Concerning the Fast, Care and Observations. 5. Concerning Baths and in what Manner they should be Prepared. 6. Concerning the Locations in which you can Perform the Art. 7. Concerning the Knife, Sword and Sickle of the Art. 8. Concerning Burning Incense and of Perfumes. 9. Of the Water and Hyssop. 10. Concerning Light and Fire. 11. Concerning Clothes, Boots and Shoes. 12. Concerning the Pen and the Ink. 13. Concerning Pens from the Quills of Swallows and Crows. 14. Concerning the Blood of Bats, Pigeons and other Animals. 15. Concerning Paper and Virgin Parchment. 16. Concerning Virgin Wax. 17. Concerning the Silken Cloth. 18. Concerning Sacrifices to the Spirits.

331 332 335 337 339 341 342 344 346 347 348 349 351 352 353 354 355 356 357

279 280 284 290 292 296 299 303 305

Supplementary Chapters

19. Concerning the Needle and other Iron Instruments. 20. Concerning Characters and the Consecration of the Magic Book. 21. How the Circle be made, and how to Enter it. 22. Concerning the Precepts of the Art. 23. Of the Work of Images and Astronomy. 24. The Blessing of the Salt. KEY 3

- Universal Treatise of the Keys of Solomon

First Book

Concerning Spirits and Their Power. Making the Wand. Sundry Experiments: to make it Rain, Snow, Open Locks, Gold, Music. Second Book

Concerning the Virtues of the Thirteen Superior Intelligences. Third Book

1. Concerning the Circle. 2. Concerning the Pentacle. 3. Concerning the Sword. 4. Concerning the Blessed Water. 5. Concerning the Robe. 6. Concerning Fumigations or Perfumes. 7. Concerning Blood and Ink. 8. Concerning Virgin Parchment. 9. Concerning the Place and Time. 10. Regarding Invocations and the Conjuration of Spirits. Fourth Book

The 17 Pentacles [of the Thirteen Superior Intelligences].

Appendices

359

360 361 363 365 367 368

369 371

373 377 378 380

382 384

385 387 389 389 390 390 391 391 392 392 396

397

407

Key of Solomon Manuscripts. Incorrectly Attributed Manuscripts. Other Book Titles Attributed to Solomon. Angels and Demons of the day from the Hygromanteia. Greek Manuscripts of the Hygromanteia. Manuscripts of the Key of Solomon in Private Collections. Chapter Analysis of the Manuscript Families. The Equipment of the Art.

Bibliography

408 415 416 417 418 419 420 429 431

Index

438

B. C. D. E. F. G.

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Figures 1.

Belial brings four other demons before Solomon.

Early talisman showing the association of Solomon with magic.

Magic Circle with an external circle for the spirit's manifestation. 37

Apollo Medicus evoking demons for medical advice.

An' Alpha et Omega' Circle from the Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh.

A Circle from the Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh showing access path. 52

Two Magic Circles from the Greek Hygromanteia.

Greek Solo monic treatise showing early versions of the pentacles. 63

Of the Construction of the Circle from Wellcome MS 4670.

10.

The Magic Circle according to Mathers.

364

11.

The Inscriptions on the Equipment of the Art.

429

Acknowledgements The illustrations from Wellcome MS 3669 and Wellcome MS 3670 have been reproduced with the kind permission of the Wellcome Trust, for which we are duly grateful. Our thanks to Paul Harry Barron for his conscientious translation of the original French of the manuscripts, and to Dr. Peter Forshaw for his translation of the Latin invocations. In translating the Psalms used in the Key, the Douay Bible version has been used in preference to the King James Version as being more accurate, and closer to what was available before 1611. A special thank you to Ioannis Marathakis who kindly supplied us with an English version of Chapter 8 of his Greek work Anazetontas ten Kleida tau Solomonta on the Magical Treatise of Solomon . Also our thanks to Robert Mathiesen who devised the first typology of the manuscripts of the Key of Solomon. And to Er Choon Haw who was responsible for the technical and graphic work on the many illustrations and their preparation from the original manuscripts. We are aware that there is a version of the Key of Solomon entitled the Veritable Clavicules, but our use of the word 'veritable' in the title of the present volume was not meant to refer to that particular manuscript, but simply to mean 'true', in as much as we have made this edition as complete as possible. 'Veritable' in the title is also used to distinguish this text from the earlier S. L. MacGregor Mathers edition.

"This book is only a sowing of phantasms destined for an unknown reaper. It is he who will decide how to make use of it." - loan Couiiano, Eros and Magic in the Renaissance

Introduction Books are bound with glory - they bode Good counsel and conscious will. They are man I s strength and firm foundation, His anchored thought. They lift the mind From melancholy and help hard need.

- Solomon and Saturn, 9th/10th Century The Key of Solomon is the most famous and infamous of all the grimoires and books on magic. Astonishingly, despite this, only one English translation has ever been published and made available in the public domain, The Key of Solomon the King (Clavicula Salomonis) by S.L. MacGregor Mathers in 1889. The edition reproduced by L.W. de Laurence in 1916 as The Greater Key of Solomon cannot be classed as an edition, or anything other than gross literary piracy of Mathers' work. There have however been several printed editions in French. For years after its publication in 1889 in the first edition of 500 copies, The Key of Solomon the King did not sell well, its import barely acknowledged outside the Inner Order of the Golden Dawn. Indeed, even members of the Golden Dawn were dismissive of it, particularly that almost pathologically anti-magic scholar Arthur Edward Waite, who wrote rather harshly in the same year that: "it must be concluded that the Key of Solomon is a grotesque combination of the pompous and ridiculous."l The Manuscripts

Significantly, Mathers continued the grimoire tradition of the past, synthesising his working edition from seven manuscripts. His main sources were Harley MS 3981, Kings MS 288, Sloane MS 3091, but he also used Lansdowne MS 1202, Lansdowne MS 1203, Sloane MS 1307 and Additional MS 10862. Of these seven, five of the manuscripts are in French, the exceptions being Additional MS 10862 which is in Latin and Sloane MS 1307 which is Italian. The last named has a completely different structure, and had little input into Mathers' edition: it had a large number of 'Esperimentos d' Amore' which are noticeably missing from Mathers' edition. Despite the lack of published editions, many variant manuscript copies of the Key of Solomon in a range of languages can be found in libraries and private collections through the Renaissance and into modern times. The sheer volume of manuscripts we have been able to trace, which surely is by no means the sum total, demonstrates the significance of the Key of Solomon as

A E Waite, The Book o/Ceremonial Magic, 1898, pages 63-4.

The Veritable Key of Solomon the pre-eminent grimoire of the grimoire tradition, and assures its place as the focus of a significant tradition of Solomonic magic. Knowing as we do that there were people actively copying and selling copies of this work at times, the number of copies which were destroyed or now sit in private collections can only be guessed at. The significance of the Key of Solomon can be seen in the number of references made to it from the Renaissance onwards, in magical works, anti-magical works and fiction, as we will demonstrate in subsequent chapters. Looking through the libraries of Europe and America, we have located 144 manuscripts of the Key of Solomon, and its associated text the Hygromanteia, spanning the four centuries from 1440 to 1825. There are undoubtedly other manuscripts which we have not yet located, but those we have are listed in Appendix A. Additionally, we encountered a number of manuscripts incorrectly labelled as the Key of Solomon by their owners or by librarians, but which in fact contained completely different grimoire material, and these are recorded in Appendix B. Of the manuscripts we located, fifty-one, or more than a third, are in French. This naturally led us to focus our attention on the French manuscripts, although we did look across the full range of available material. Of these, Wellcome MS 4669 and Wellcome MS 4670 stood out. Although not the earliest of the manuscripts, being dated 1796, they contained by far the greatest quantity _of material, between them covered the content of three different manuscript Families, and are beautifully coloured. They also have a noteworthy provenance, as Wellcome MS 4670 is mentioned in Chapter 4 of Edward Bulwer-Lytton's classic novel of the magical path, Zanoni. "Les Intelligences Celestes se front voir, et se communiquent plus volontiers, dans Ie silence, et dans la tranquillite de la solitude. On aura donc une petite chamber ou un cabinet secret, &c. - Les Clavicules de Rabbi Salomon, chap. 3; traduites exactement du texte Hebreu par M. Pierre Morissoneau, Professeur des Langues Orientales, et Sectateur de la Philosophie des Sages Cabalistes. "1

The wording of the reference to Pierre Morissoneau is taken verbatim from the beginning of our manuscript, Wellcome MS 4670, and this is the only one of the Morissoneau manuscripts with such a reference in it. So it is almost certain that this specific manuscript, (or at the least a very close copy of it) was what Bulwer-Lytton was referring to. It is also not unlikely that he came across it in a certain Covent Garden second-hand bookshop which appears in the introduction of that same book. He refers to the owner of the shop as 'old D-'. This character was drawn from the real life bookseller John Denley 1

Bulwer-Lytton, Zanoni, Routledge, New York, Book 2, 1842, Chapter IV, page 77.

(1764-1842) who had a Covent Garden bookshop with a large collection of magic books and manuscripts. In the early 19th century, Denley employed Frederick Hockley to copy out grimoires, and lent a number of books and manuscripts to Francis Barrett, who was at that time compiling his classic work, The Magus. Furthermore, it is not unlikely that Bulwer-Lytton, a man of some means, actually bought this manuscript from Denley, as he quoted its contents so precisely. In the fullness of time after his death in 1873, some of Lytton's collection of books and manuscripts came up for sale. This particular manuscript Wellcome MS 4670 was sold to the Wellcome Collection in 1932. To bring things full circle, S. L. MacGregor Mathers, the editor of the 1889 edition of the Key of Solomon, was so entranced by his reading of Zanoni that his wife took to using 'Zan' as a nickname for her husband. Blavatsky, Rudolf Steiner and Aleister Crowley (who recommended the reading of Zanoni as "valuable for its facts and suggestions") were all keen readers of this seminal novel. History and Overview

King Solomon is arguably the most interesting figure in the Bible. Famed for his wisdom and the construction of the Temple in Jerusalem, as well as for his many wives and excursions into pagan idolatry, it was perhaps inevitable that he should also have been associated with magic. As Grillot de Givry writes: "It is not unlikely that a sovereign who had sacrificed to Moloch, Chemosh,

and Ashtoreth should try to evoke demons or write regarding the method of enforcing their appearance. Christian authors have affirmed that he did SO ."l

A related grimoire, the Testament of Solomon (3rd century CE) shows him commanding a series of 60 demons beginning with Ornias, and including Beelzeboul, Asmodeus, and the demons of the 36 Decans. 2 Because of the inclusion of the 36 Decans, Torijan03 tends to view the book as astrologically based, but it is much more of a grimoire, as it lays out clearly, possibly for the first time, the use of individual opposing angels to control specific demons, and it also elaborates on the significance of Solomon's ring.4 Following the description of Solomon's magical abilities in the Antiquities of the Jews by Flavius Josephus (37-c.100 CE) and Pseudo-Philo,s and his implied demonic knowledge of I Kings 4:33 and The Wisdom of Solomon 7:20, subsequent Grillot de Givry (1971), page 99. For a full list of these, with their qualities and opposing angels see Skinner (2006), Tables MI-M6. 3 Torijano (2002), Chapter 8. 4 The ring is sometimes referred to in Greek as ~axruA/oIi. 5 In Pseudo-Philo 60: 1-3, King David addresses the demon afflicting Saul, saying "Let the new womb from which I was born rebuke you, from which after a time one born from my loins will rule over you", clearly indicating the corning mastery of his son Solomon in dealing with demons. I

The Veritable Key of Solomon Christian authors made much of his ability to control demons.1 Figures such as the eleventh century Leontius of Constantinople and Gregentius, Archbishop of Taphar 2 (d. 552 CE) spoke of Solomon's powers over demons. The latter even asserts that Solomon shut up demons in urns which he sealed and buried in the earth, although perhaps to record that they were submerged in a lake or the sea, might have been closer to the tradition. Solomon was later depicted in his role of master of demons in a number of the woodcuts in the influential 1473 work by Jacobus de Teramo (1349-1417), Das Buch Belial. Teramo studied law at the University of Padua, located midway between Venice and Mantua, both cities which figure significantly in the history of the Ket! of Solomon.

Figure 1: Belial brings four other demons before Solomon, and a robed, homed and bearded figure, supposedly Moses, looks on. In this succession of woodcuts, Moses

appears to be making a series of hand gestures. 3

For a discussion of this, see Klutz (2005) Chapter 4. Darfur or Zafar in Yemen, south-west of Sana'a. 3 From Jacobus de Teramo, Das Buch Belial, Augsburg, 1473. I

Book Titles Attributed to Solomon

Over the centuries a huge number of books have been attributed to the authorship of King Solomon. We felt it appropriate to consider some of these books, to set the Key of Solomon in the context of all the other works bearing his name, sometimes referred to collectively as the Pseudo-Solo monic texts. The first book outside of the Old Testament attributed to Solomon is probably the Wisdom of Solomon, with a likely composition date of 50-30 BCE. This apocryphal Greek text blended Jewish and Greek ideas, and introduced the idea of immortality after death, though interestingly as a reward from God, rather than as an automatic right. Flavius Josephus in the first century described a book attributed to Solomon, containing incantations for summoning demons, telling of how a Jew called Eleazar used it for curing possessions. Significantly Josephus tells of how Eleazar "recited the incantations which he [Solomon] composed."l In Sepher ha-Razim ('Book of the Mysteries') a chapter within Sepher Raziel, it says: "Reveal to him [Solomon] the 'Book of Mysteries'. Reveal by the word of the mysteries. By the understanding, hold dominion over all spirits. Of all desires, seek and wander the world." 2

Manuscripts of Sepher Raziel were sometimes bound with the Key of Solomon, and sometimes confused with it, as if it were the same volume, and it also lists the angels, planets, times, and Signs of the Zodiac. Such was the power of Solomon that even his name was used in an apotropaic manner to banish demons. Thus we see Solomon portrayed as the Holy Rider, driving a spear through Lilith,3 and such phrases (in ancient Greek) as "Flee, detested one, Solomon is pursuing you, Sissinius Sissinarius" on ancient Byzantine amulets. 4 The early Christian church may even have perceived the popularity of the wise magician Solomon as a threat to Jesus. After all, Jesus in a sense usurped the title of 'Son of David', while Solomon literally was the son of David. Hence the need for the gospels to emphasise the superiority of Jesus over Solomon, to avoid undue worship of such earlier figures, potentially leading to heresy. In the Gospels of Matthew and Luke it states that one" greater than Solomon is here" when describing Jesus, emphasising his ascendancy spiritually and magically. Jesus also claimed power over demons, but mostly to simply drive them out, rather than putting them to work as

Flavius Josephus, Antiquities ofthe Jews (tran. William Whiston), 1987, Book 8, Chapter 2:5, verse 47. Sepher Rezial Hemelech, Savedow, 2000, page 206. See also Morgan (1983) and Margoliouth (1966). 3 Skemer (2006), n.114. 4 Schlumberger, Amulettes Byzantins Anciens, 1892, no.l, page 2. I

The Veritable Key of Solomon Solomon is reputed to have done. 1 Solomon is also belittled to below the state of a lily in the field, when Jesus declares that" even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these."2 In the Greek Magical Papyri 3 there is reference to a book called the Key, though it is attributed to Moses rather than Solomon, being located in the so-called Eighth Book of Moses. Considering the stylistic elements found in these texts which would later be found in the grimoires, it is an intriguing reference. Zosimus (4th century) the Byzantine historian, mentions a book by Solomon called The Seven Heavens, which we will have cause to refer to again later. The Dictionnaire des Apocryphes (1858) mentions an apocryphal text from the time of Pope Gelase (fifth century) entitled La Contradiction de Salomon ('The Contradiction of Solomon'), but states that it has no further information. The ninth or tenth century Old English poem called Solomon and Saturn describes a dialogue between Solomon, this time as the Christian magician, with the pagan god Saturn.4 The apotropaic power of the Pater Noster, the archangel Michael and the SATOR formula are all discussed in that poem. The archetypal figure of Solomon the magician is thus seen in a major role in what is perhaps a precursor to some of the subsequent pseudo-Solomonic texts. Michael Psellus (1018-1081) spoke in the eleventh century of a treatise composed by Solomon on stones and demons. This is probably the Salomon is Libri de Gemmis et Daemonibus ('Book of Solomon of Gems and Demons') referred to by the twelfth century Greek historian Michael Glycas. In the same century a Latin text entitled the Philosophy of Solomon (BL Royal MS 7-D-II) was penned, which, according to Thorndike consisted of "notes perhaps from more than one source, on the analogy between the [three] patriarchs Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the three divisions of philosophy (moralis, naturalis, inspectiva), and the three books of Solomon."S

Around 1240, the Bishop of Paris, William of Auvergne (1190-1249) mentioned a number of pseudo-Solomonic works in his De Legibus. These include the De Quatuor Annulis Salomonis, 'Four Rings of Solomon' which is also included in some Key of Solomon manuscripts (such as Sloane MS 3847), 'Seal of Solomon' (Sigillum Salomonis), the 'Book of Nine Talismans of Solomon' (Liber Salomonis de Novem Candariis) 6 and the 'Idea of Solomon' (Idea Salomonis et Entocta) . Matthew 12:42, Luke II :31. Matthew 6:29, Luke 12:27 . 3 Betz, The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation, 1992, Xlll:21 , XIII:60, XIIl:229. 4 Dobbie (ed), The Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems, 1942, pages 31-48. 5 Lynn Thorndike, A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume II, 1923, page 283 . 6 ' Candariis' is sometimes incorrectly translated as 'candles' rather than ' talismans' or 'pentacles'. I

He also mentions the 'Sworn Book of Honorius' or 'The Holy Book' (Liber Sacer) in his list of supposedly evil works. "To this sort of idolatry belongs those four figures which are called the Rings of Solomon, and a fifth which is called the Seal of Solomon, and nine others which are called the Nine Scarabs. 1 The most execrable consecrations and most detestable invocations, writings, images in all these contain very evident impiety of idolatry. Let Christians not so much as mention that unlawful image which is called the Idea of Solomon, nor that book which is called Sacred 2 and its works, nor the figure which is called MandaI or Amandel [sic] and its works."3

The thirteenth century Byzantine historian, Nicetas Choniates made reference in Book IV of his history of the Emperor Manuel Comnenus to a book held by the interpreter and magician Aaron Isaac, which could cause legions of demons to appear" when read aloud, which was said to be a work by Solomon. 4 In the seventeenth century both Jean-Jacques Boissard in his Treatise on Divination (published posthumously in 1616) and Michael Maier (1617) wrote that Aaron Isaac had used the Clavicula Salomon is for nefarious reasons, perpetuating the view that this book had been the Key of Solomon. /I

As can be seen from the comments by magicians and alchemists like Boissard and Maier, even magicians could be hostile to the Key of Solomon. Nearly two centuries earlier in his Apologia, the Genovese magician Pica della Mirandola (1463-1494) said that "his practical Cabalah had nothing to do with wicked magics going under the name of Solomon, Moses, Enoch, or Adam, by which demons were conjured by bad magicians. 5 The thirteenth century also saw Albertus Magnus listing five books attributed to Solomon in his Speculum Astronomiae. These works were the Liber Almadel [sic], De Quatuor Annulis Salomon is ('Four Rings of Solomon'), Liber Salomonis de Novem Candariis ('The Book of Solomon of the Nine Talismans'), Liber Salomonis de Tribus Figuris ('The Book of Solomon of the Three Figures') and De Sigillis ad Daemonicos ('Of Spirit Sigils'). Thorndike observes that the book called the De Quatuor Annulis Salomonis opens with the words "De arte eutonica et ideica" and plausibly suggests that this may be the same work as Idea Salomon is et Entocta. She further suggests that Bruno borrowed the title of his Liber de Umbris Idearum (1582) from the title of a book attributed to Solomon by Cecco d' Ascoli in his early fourteenth century commentary on the Sphere ofSacrobosco. 6 An interesting association, referring to what must have been talismans as 'scarabs '. Liber Sacer. 3 De Legibus in Opera Omnia, William of Auvergne, c.1240, vol 1:89. 4 Magdalino & Mavroudi (2006), pages 148-149. 5 Pico, Apologia, 1489, page 181 , as summarised in Yates Giordano Bruno, 1977, page 107. 6 Lynn Thorndike, A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume II, 1923, page 280. I

The Veritable Key of Solomon A book simply called Le Livre de Salomon ('The Book of Solomon'), which was full of rules for invoking demons, was said to have been burned around 1350 at the order of Pope Innocent VI. The Dominican inquisitor Nicholas Eymerich (1320-1399) wrote in his Directorium Inquisitorum (1376) that he had confiscated various books from necromancers, including a work called the 'Table of Solomon'. It is sad that this particular work has not survived as it sounds as if it might have been interesting, in as much as a 'Table of Art' came to be part of the standard equipment of magic. A fourteenth century French tract on Palmistry in Cambridge (Trinity MS 1109) bears the title of Explicit Tract[atusJ de Palmistria Salomonis. Two works attributed to Solomon were also listed in the fourteenth century library of Thomas Erghome, which have not survived to the present day. These were Vinculum Solomonis ('The Chain of Solomon') and Tractatus de Penthagono Salomon is ('Concerning the Pentagons of Solomon'). The former may well have had practical instruction on the binding of spirits, and the latter was possibly a work on pentacles. A century later in 1456, Hartlieb mentioned the Sigillum Salomonis ('Seal of Solomon') and the Clavicula Salomonis ('Key of Solomon') in a pamphlet addressed to Duke John of Burgundy. This dating of the Clavicula Salomonis is significant, giving it a first written Latin reference to that title in the mid-15th century. During the fifteenth century, a book of what we would now call stage magic was attributed to Solomon, the Experimenta Salomonis missa Sibille Sapienti (,Experiments of Solomon sent by the Sibyl to the Wiseman'). At this time, the division between science and magic was not clear-cut, and so the secrets of how to perform illusions, or make 'Greek fire' for example, were clearly perceived as being almost as magical as summoning a demon. The stream·of books attributed to Solomon continued, with a large number, including some of those previously mentioned, being listed by Abbot Johannes Trithemius in his work Antipalus Maleficorum written around 1508, but not published till 1555. These included editions of the Clavicle made by Peter de Abano, 'Picatrix' and' Almadel'.1 Additionally he refers to the

Lamene de Solomon ('The Lamen of Solomon'), Liber Salomonis de Novem Candariis ('The Book of the Nine Talismans'). Liber Salomon is de Tribus Figuris, ('The Book of Solomon's Three Figures') Herbarium Salomon is ('The Herbarium of Solomon'), Hygromanteia Salomonis ('The Hygromanteia of Solomon'), I In the case of' Almadel' there was an ongoing confusion as to its status as a book, a person or an instrument. It was certainly the title of a book which described an instrument also called the Almadel. In Arabic, AI-madel may have referred to the magician's protective circle. Likewise, Mediaeval writers were never sure if 'Picatrix' was a book or a person.

Liber de Throno Salomonis ('The Book of the Throne of Solomon'), De Oficiis Spirituum ('The Offices of the Spirits') and Semiphoras et Schemhamphoras Salomon is Regis ('The Schemhamphorash and Semiphorash of King Solomon'). The Hygromanteia Salomonis mentioned by Trithemius was probably a copy of the Greek manuscript of the same name, which was almost certainly the main source of the Key of Solomon. 1 The Herbarium Salomonis is given a date of 1043 in the Codex Pseudepigraphus Veteris Testamenti of Johan Fabricius (1713). Drawing on Pansophie by Will-Erich Peuckert,2 loan Couliano gives a list of manuscripts believed to have been in the library of Trithemius at Sponheim in the first years of the sixteenth century.3 As well as the works mentioned above, he also lists other Solomonic titles such as The Four Rings of Solomon and the Pentacles of Solomon. A number of these texts are also referred to by the French writer Gabriel Naudaeus in his 1625 work The History of Magic by way of an Apology. Another book attributed to Solomon was the Somnia Salomonis ('Dream of Solomon'), which was a dream analysis book. This is mentioned with two slightly variant titles in early sixteenth century Venice in Italy. These were Somnia Salomon is Regis filii David (1501) and Somnia Salomonis Regis filii David una cum Danielis propheta Somniorum Interpretatione (1516) . The noted Italian physician and mathematician Girolamo Cardano (1501-76) made specific reference to this work in his writings. A French work from the sixteenth century which claims Solomon's authorship is L'Anneau de Salomon, which recounts the legend of Solomon's ring and how he used it to bind demons. This latter work was a Kabbalistic volume, which would have significant influence on some later texts. A later version of Semiphoras et Schemhamphoras Salomonis Regis was printed in 1686 in German, which also drew on Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy and the Heptameron. This was a prime source for the German text Claviculae Salomonis et Theosophia Pneumatica, referred to by Goethe in his telling of the Faust tale, and which accordingly also influenced the famous Faustian grimoire, The Threefold Harrowing of Hell. Material from Semiphoras et Schemhamphoras Salomonis Regis would also subsequently be found in Francis Barrett's The Magus . The inquisitor Martin del Rio referred to the Clavicula in his Disquisitionum Magicarum Libri sex in 1599, showing that the text was well known by the end of the sixteenth century, though with the notoriety it would gain in Italy this is hardly unexpected.

See Torijano (2002) and Appendix E for more details of the Hygromanteia.. Peuckert (1956), pages 47-55 . 3 Couliano, Eros and Magic in the Renaissance, 1987, page 167. I

The Veritable Key of Solomon As we have seen previously, whilst the Lemegeton, or to give it the full title, Lemegeton Clavicula Salomonis ('Little Key of Solomon'), can only be dated in its present form to 1641 (Sloane MS 3825), it almost certainly dates back to at least 1500, and to the active involvement of Johannes Trithemius. Despite the similarity in title, the various copies of the Lemegeton are of a completely different type of grimoire to the Key of Solomon manuscripts. These have been covered sufficiently in our previous work,l and in the excellent Lesser Key of Solomon edited by Joseph Peterson, not to require further discussion here. We must of course mention the Ars Notoria, or Notory Art of Solomon . Like the Key of Solomon, there are dozens of diverse copies of this work, spanning the period from the late thirteenth to the seventeenth century. It was later sometimes added to the Lemegeton as the fifth book of that work, though usually in an abridged form without its essential illustrations. The Bibliotheca Judaica of Leipzig University (1863) lists further works attributed to Solomon, without giving more detail than the names. These include Speculum Salomon is, sive Sphaera Universae Sapientae et Scientiae ('The Mirror of Solomon'), Septem Sigilla Planetarum ('The Seven Seals of the Planets') and Cingulum Salomonis ('The Girdle of Solomon'). See Appendix B for a summary list of the most important titles attributed to Solomon.

Manuscript Family Groups Studying the many different Key of Solomon manuscripts it is clear that they fall into four distinct Families, each with quite different contents. We have accordingly translated one example of each of the first three Families, and supplemented this with material from other manuscripts in the same Family, to give the most comprehensive range of chapters. Apart from the early Greek and later Hebrew manuscripts, the Key of Solomon manuscripts divide up into four mutually exclusive Families: 1. 2.

3. 4.

Rabbi Solomon Family, being manuscripts having 20 chapters, typically attributed to Rabbi Solomon. Abraham Coloma Family, being manuscripts which divide into two Books, each having approximately 17+ chapters. These are attributed to a range of authors including King Solomon, Toz Graecus and Colotno himself. It is from this Family that Mathers drew his edition. Universal Treatise Family, divided into four Books, typically with the first Book having 6 chapters, and the third having 10 chapters. Abognazar Family, consisting of 30+ un-numbered chapters, containing material drawn from the other three families, plus additional material.

See Skinner & Rankine, The Goetia o/Dr Rudd, 2007, pages 34-35 .

The Abognazar Family may in reality be just a group of manuscripts compiled from the other three Families, with an emphasis on the Prayers of Consecration. These Families are not just a matter of title or attributed author, but reflect quite different, and mutually exclusive, layout and contents. Chapters found in the manuscripts of one Family are almost always not present in another.l Correlations of three of these Families and their exact chapter contents are shown in tabular fashion in Appendix G. Chapters from each of these Families are to be found scattered through the Greek originals. Of particular interest is the Universal Treatise Family because the Grimorium Verum (True Grimoire), a latecomer to the grimoire tradition, draws heavily on this Family for its material, using chapter headings such as The True Clavicles of Solomon . There are several manuscripts, which tend to be messy with missing drawings, dislocated text and faulty Latin. 2 There are at least five extant printed editions of the Grimorium Verum, these being the French edition of 1817 (of 'Chez Alibeck'), the French edition of c.1830 (Simon Blocquel), the Italian edition of 1868 (Bestetti), the Italian edition of 1880 (Amato Muzzi). The third Key in the present book is an example of material that 21 years later became part of the Grimorium Verum . The Manuscript Text-Groups

The Families can in turn be split up into a number of Text-Groups, based on the title or reputed author or translator. Each of these Text-Groups has been copied and re-copied down different lines of transmission. Examining the typology of the manuscripts we have grouped the manuscripts along the lines first suggested by Robert Mathiesen of Brown University.3 For consistency we felt it most appropriate to use the same Text Groupings as Mathiesen where possible, but we have expanded his categorisation where necessary. Where a text has been included in a different category to Mathiesen we have noted this. Like him, this is an area we would like to see other researchers continue to develop, and maybe eventually constructing a complete stemma of manuscripts. Mathiesen states that due to circ*mstances he has not inspected the manuscripts himself, relying entirely on third party catalogue descriptions. As he himself acknowledges this is not the ideal approach, as catalogue descriptions are sometimes misleading, or even downright faulty. We have physically examined as many of the manuscripts as possible, which has resulted in us choosing to discard some of the manuscripts he lists (because I A very few manuscripts, like Aubrey MS 24, have at a later date drawn upon material from several families, but these are the exception, not the rule. 2 The best edition is Peterson, Grimorium Verum, 2007. 3 In his article 'The Key of Solomon: toward a Typology of Manuscripts ' in Societas Magica Newsletter, Spring 2007, 17: I, pages 3-9.

The Veritable Key of Solomon they are from completely distinct and different grimoires), and adding others. We have listed these discarded and mis-labelled manuscripts, noting their actual contents, in Appendix B for the convenience of the reader. In the light of our examination of the distribution of the contents of many of the manuscripts, we have made some changes to Mathiesen's text categories. For example, we have ignored, as not relevant, the group given by Mathiesen as the 'Lemegeton (Lmg)' Text-Group, as this group consists entirely of versions of a completely different grimoire, albeit one which still holds Solomon as its author. We have changed the name of Mathiesen's category 'Oldest Text (OT)' TextGroup to the' Abraham Colomo (AC)' Text-Group, in accordance with the research of Joseph Peterson and Adam McLean, and because it does not in fact contain the oldest manuscripts. This group seems to be entirely comprised of texts translated by Abraham Colomo or derivatives thereof, so we felt that this was an appropriate distinction to make. Mathiesen mentions an Arabic version of the Key of Solomon which the inveterate literary pirate L W de Laurence claimed to have published in 1920 under the title Al-Miftah al-Azam li-Sulayman ai-Hakim ('The Key of Solomon the Physician'). However as we have not been able to uncover any evidence of the existence of this work, and as de Laurence often changed the names of texts, and regularly falsified their origin, we have deleted this from the list. We have also deleted Mathiesen's 'Invocations of Angels (IA)' Text-Group as it contains John Dee related material (like Sloane MS 307) rather than Key of Solomon material. The description of this particular manuscript as a 'Key of Solomon', was a case of a librarian applying that title as a generic description for a book of magic, without any regard to its specific contents. For completeness sake, we have also added some new Text-Groups: 1. 2.

Hebrew manuscripts of the Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh are listed under the new 'Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh (SM)' Text-Group; Greek manuscripts of the Hygromanteia and Solomon ike, are categorised as the 'Greek Original (GO)' Text-Group;

'Universal Treatise (UT)' Text-Group for Traite Universel manuscripts;

'Key of Knowledge (KK)' Text-Group is a subset of the Abraham Colomo Family and contains manuscripts with 'Key of Knowledge' in the title.

'Geo-Peccatrix (GP)' Text-Group to include those manuscripts of the Key of Solomon ascribed to that author. These tend to consist of a limited selection of Abraham Colomo Family chapters, plus additional matter.

Let us examine each Text-Group in turn:

Figure 2: Early bronze talisman showing the association of Solomon with magic. Above: On one side a depiction of a male figure, probably Solomon, applying a wand to a water vessel, possibly performing hygromanteia, the conjuring (and maybe sealing) of a spirit in a water vessel. He is surrounded by the letters 'SoLoMoN' a caduceus and celestial sigil characters. The water vessel may have later become a cauldron. On the other side (Belaw) the three-bodied Hecate, patroness of magic, holding torches, swords and wands. Both images are surrounded by magical characters in Celestial script.1

I Inv. 4168. Guida p. 95. NSc 1917, 326-328. Bull. Com. 46 (1918), 85-100. Museo Ostiense. [E27278A). See also Goodenough (1953-1968), 2:232, Figure 959.

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Rabbi Solomon Text-Group (RS) These manuscripts bear the title Les Clavicules de Rabbi Salomon, traduites

exactement du texte Hebreu en Franfois, Ie tout enrich d'un grand nombre de figures misterieuses, de talismans, de pentacules, circles, canderies et characters (or a translation thereof). The first part of the work is divided into ten chapters, and then the rest is divided into seven planetary sections corresponding to the days of the week, similar to the arrangement of de Abano's Heptameron. This group includes BA MS 2346 [#2], Crawford MS 158, Rylands GB 0133 Eng MS 40, John Hay MS BF 1611, John Hay MS M 313, Wellcome MS 4657, Wellcome MS 4660,1 Wellcome MS 4661, Wellcome MS 4670 (here printed), Private Collection 2 MSS 2, 3 and 4, and possibly Wellcome MS 983 and Jerusalem MS Yahuda 18. Abraham Colorno Text-Group (AC) Called the Oldest Western Text-Group (or OT) by Mathiesen, this represents probably the earliest extant non-Greek language copies of the Key of Solomon, usually arranged in two books of twenty or so chapters each. This group contains Additional MS 10862 [#1], Alnwick MS 584,3 Harley MS 3981, Kings MS 288, Michael MS 276, Sloane MS 3091, Wellcome MS 4658, Wellcome MS 4659 [#1], Wellcome MS 4668, Wellcome MS 4669 [#1] (here printed), Wellcome MS 4666 [#1], and Jerusalem MS Varia 223. As a Colomo manuscript we should also include BN MS 2348 and Bibliotheque Mejanes CGM 1918. This group was the source of most of Mathers' edition.4 The earliest of these date back to the 16th century. Clavicule Magique et Cabalistique Text-Group (CMC) These manuscripts are entitled La Clavicule Magique et Cabalistique du Sage Roy Salomon. The prologue states that the text was translated from Hebrew into Latin by Cornelius Agrippa, and subsequently into French from the Latin by Rabbi Nazar. The name of Rabbi Nazar may be a variation on Rabbi Abognazar (see Text-Group Ab). The material is divided into seventeen chapters. This group includes Additional MS 39666, Warburg MS FBH 80,5 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 553 and MS Typ 625, Wellcome MS 4655, Wellcome MS 4656,6 and Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 1. Mostly 18th century. This manuscript was incorrectly listed by Mathiesen as Text-Group Arm. The contents of Private Collection manuscripts have been documented in Appendix F. 3 The incipit mentions ' Abrahamum Cotumium', which is clearly a Latinisation of Abraham Colomo. 4 Mathers also listed Sloane MS 1307, Lansdowne MS 1202 and Lansdowne 1203 amongst his sources, although the last two manuscripts come from Text-Groups Arm and Ab. 5 These two are almost identical and are from the same scribe. 6 Owned by ' Papus', Dr Gerard Encausse, the French writer on the Tarot. I

Universal Treatise (UT) A group for Traite Universel manuscripts which are divided into three (or four) Books, with 2, 1, 10 and 1 chapters respectively. The Group includes Wellcome MS 4659 [#2], Wellcome MS 4667 [#1] and Wellcome MS 4669 [#2]. Rabbi Abognazar Text-Group (Ab) These manuscripts bear the title Les Clavicules de Salomon or Les Veri tables Clavicules de Salomon. They do not have chapter or book divisions. The prologue states the book was translated from Hebrew into Latin by Rabbi Abognazar, who lived in ArIes in Provence, France. This was translated by the Archbishop of ArIes into French after the destruction of the Jews there. Some copies give the Archbishop's name as Barrault, which fits well with the name of Archbishop Jean Jaubert Barrault (1584-1643) who was Archbishop of Arles from 1630 till his death in 1643. BN MS 25314 is dated 1634, but as the paper on which it is written appears to have been manufactured in the 18th century, and for other reasons, a date of 1784 seems far more likely. This puts this group into the same period and milieu as the Fyot manuscripts of the Abraham Colomo family. In his Mysteries and Secrets of Magic, Thompson suggested that ' Abognazar' may have been a corruption of Aben Ezra or Abraham Ben Meir ibn Ezra (1092-1167).1 Although Aben Ezra was born in Spain and travelled a lot, he also lived in Narbonne and Beziers, both towns close to Arles. An interesting sidelight on the possibility of Aben Ezra being connected with the Key of Solomon is that some of his works were translated by Peter de Abano. Abano wrote the Heptameron 2 which is one of the earliest printed grimoires, which includes circles structured to vary according to time and season, which are also found in the Rabbi Solomon Text-Group. A coincidence? We think not. This group includes BN MS 25314, Harvard Houghton MS Typ 833, and Lansdowne MS 1203. Secret of Secrets Text-Group (SS) These manuscripts bear the title Le Secret des Secrets, autrement la Clavicule de Salomon, au Ie veritable grimoire. They may also refer to 'Toz Graecus' but they have different content and structure to the TG Text-Group, with no chapter divisions. This group contains Wellcome MS 4664, BA MS 2350,3 BA MS 2493, BA MS 2791, and Harvard Houghton MS Fr 555. Thompson, Mysteries and Secrets of Magic, Thompson, 1927, page 65 . See Abano (2005). 3 Said by de Givry (1971), page 102, to be the best of the French manuscripts of the KEY. See Figure 4. 1 C.J.S.

The Veritable Key of Solomon Key of Knowledge Text-Group (KK) This group is a simplified subset of the AC Text-Group, containing fewer chapters. This form of the Key is usually entitled 'The Book of King Solomon called The Key of Knowledge'. It is found in Sloane MS 3645 1 and Additional MS 36674 [#1]. Toz Graecus Text-Group (TG)

These texts mention Toz Graecus, who is said to have received the secrets from Solomon. He is sometimes referred to by the corrupted name variant of 'Ptolomaeus Graecus'.2 The title also usually contains the phrase 'Secreta Secretorum' (,Secret of Secrets'). These manuscripts have the same format as the AC group, with two books of around twenty chapters, but with no pentacles section. This group includes BN MS 15127, Wellcome MS 4662 and Pommersfelden MS 357. Mathiesen also suggests Marseilles MS 983 (Bb 108), and Sloane MS 3847. Armadel Text-Group (Arm)

These manuscripts usually bear the title of Les Vrais Clavicules du Roi Salomon, ouvrage traduit de l'hebreux en langue vulgaire par Armadel. These usually have a similar content to AC manuscripts, but have been rearranged and may have additional material added at the end. This group includes, BA MS 2349,3 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 554, and Lansdowne MS 1202. Zekorbeni Text-Group (Zk)

Several seventeenth century manuscripts bear the title Zekorbeni, sive Claviculae Salomon is Libri IV. These are divided into four books, with the titles of De Praparamentis, De Experimentis, De Pentaculis, and De Artibus. 4 Their content is similar to that of the AC group. This group includes Additional MS 10862 [#2], Aubrey MS 24, BA MS 2347,5 BA MS 2790, and Wien MS 11262. This text, with its variety of names, is another derivative of the Key of Solomon. It is variously known as Zecorben, Zekerboni or Zekorbeni. It might simply derive from the common Latin annotation 'Nota Bene' meaning 'note well' as Zekor or ,~t means 'note' or 'remember' in Hebrew, hence 'Zekor-bene'.

Was AC in Mathiesen's grouping. If you render 'Toz' back into Greek as toz you can see how a non Greek reader might possibly have misread it as 'Ioh' This may be the source of 'Ioh Grecis' which appears in a number of manuscripts. Add 10862 has 'Ioe Grecis' , and Mathers mistakenly suggests 'Iohe Grecis.' Other manuscripts further from the source have 'Iroe Grecis ' and ' Iroe Grego'. Trithemius transcribes the name in a number of different ways: Torzigeus, Totz Graecus, Tozigaeus and even Thoczgraecus. 3 Related to Lansdowne MS 1202. 4 Of Preparation, Of Experiments, Of Pentacles, and Of the Art. S Mathiesen also includes BA MS 2347 under Text-Group Ab, but that is probably incorrect. I

Zekorbeni is one of the three magical texts mentioned by Casanova (1725-1798) in his memoirs along with the Picatrix and the Key of Solomon which caused him to be incarcerated in Venice by the Inquisition.1 E M Butler describes the supposed author Peter Mora as an alchemist, black magician, said to be a Satanist and poisoner who lived in Milan early in the seventeenth century, and was burnt there [circa 1630] after having confessed (under torture) to those crimes ... " 2 /I

Expurgated Text-Group (Exp) A group of manuscripts in German with the title Clavicula Salomonis Expurgata, oder Schlussel des Konigs Salomons Wunderbahrlicher Geheimnisse und vieler zukunftigen Dinge ('Clavicula Solomonis Abbreviated, or the Key of King Solomon's Wondrous Secrets and Many Things of the Future'). The brevity of the material is clearly indicated by its long-winded title. This group includes Ferguson MS 142, Darmstadt MS 1671, Leipzig MS 707, and Leipzig MS 732. Geo-Peccatrix Text-Group (GP) This group includes those manuscripts ascribed to Gio or Geo-Peccatrix, which should not be confused with the Picatrix. These tend to consist of a limited selection of Abraham Colomo chapters. This group includes Sloane MS 1307. Gregorius Niger Text-Group (GN) These manuscripts draw their chapters from Text-Group RS and AC plus additional material. The best example is Gregorius Niger Private Collection MS 5. Greek Originals Text-Group (GO) A group of manuscripts in Greek which contain a magical treatise which is the source of the various Key of Solomon manuscripts. There are several different titles used within this group, including Hygromanteia, Apotelesmatike pragmatefa Solomontos ('Magical Treatise of Solomon'), Solomon ike and To kleidion tes ptises tekhnes tes hugromanteias, heurethen hupo diaph6ron tekhniton kai tau hagiou prophetou Solomontos ('The Little Key of the Whole Art of Hygromancy, found by Several Craftsmen and by the Holy Prophet Solomon'). The fifteenth century Greek texts are the most likely origin of the Italian/Latin texts of the Key. This group is therefore of the greatest importance, but has to date received the least attention. This group includes Harley MS 5596 which is a key link between the Greek Key of Solomon and the Solomonic tradition in England. 3 The Maphteah Shelomoh Text-Group (SM) is examined in a later chapter. Giacomo de Seingalt, Memoires, 6 volumes, Paris, n.d. In E M Butler, Ritual Magic, CUP, Cambridge, 1949, pages 135 and 310. 3 At some time before 1716 this 15th Century manuscript was owned by John Colville, the Master of Christ's College, Cambridge. It is possible that John Dee may also have been aware of it. 1 Casanova,

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Fami1y

Code

Rabbi Abognazar

Abraham Coloma

Arm

Armadel

CMC

Clavicule Magiqueet Cabalistique

Exp

Expurgated

Gregorius N iger

Greek Originals

mix

Geo Peccatrix

Key of Knowledge

Rabbi Solomon

Maphteah Shelomoh

Text-Group

Manuscript Title

Les [Veritables} Clavicules de Salomon. I La Clavicule [au la Clef} de Salomon Roy des Hebreux[Clavicula Salomonis Regis} Les Vrais Clavicules du Roi Solomon [avec les Pentacles et Talismans .. .j La Clavicule Magique el Cabalistique du Sage Roy Salomon. [La Clef Mysterieuse} f. .. de la Science Cabalistiquel Clavicula Salomon is Expurgala, oder SchlUssel des Konigs Salomons

Author! Translator Rabbi Abognazar [Jean Barraultl Abraham Coloma, Solomon King of the Hebrews Armadel, King Solomon

Chapter! Book Structure None, but divides into 30+ sections 2 Books: 20-22 Chapters, or 17+ 20122 or 18 + 24 Chapters 4 Books: 20-22 Chapters, or 2 Books: 7 + 20+ Chapters

Century

17-18th

16-18th

17-18th

Cornelius Agrippa, Rabbi Nazar, Sage Roy Salomon

16 or I 7 Chapters

18th

King Solomon

8 Chapters

18th

Gregorius N iger

13 + 7 Chapters

King Solomon

None, but divides into 22 + 6 sections (no pentacles)

15th-19th

Gio!GeoPeccatrix

48 Chapters

17th

King Solomon

2 Books: 12+ 22 Chapters

17th

Rabbi Solomon

10+ 7 planetary Chapters, or 17 or 20 Chapters

18th

Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh

King Solomon

10 separate Books e.g. Book of Bilit, Book ofLif!,ht, etc.

17-18th

Secret of Secrets

Le Secret des Secrets, aulrement la Clavicule de Salomon, au Ie veritable f!,rimoire

Toz Graecus, King Ptolemeus the Grecian

none

17-18th

Toz Graecus

Secreta Secreta rum

Toz Graecus

20-22 Chapters (no pentacles)

15th- 18th

Universal Treatise

Zekorbeni

Traite Universel des Clavicules de Salomon Zekorbeni, sive Claviculae Salomonis Libri IV

VIQHIQIX Les Secrets des Secrets

Hygromanleia, Apotelesmalike pragmatefa Solomontos La Clavicola di Salomone redotta el epilof!,ata The Booke ofKing Solomon called Key of Knowledge/ Les Clavicules de Rabbi Salomon, traduites exactement du texte Hebreu en Franr;ois ...

Solomon Solomon

3 or 4 Books: 2+ I + I 0+ I Chapters 4 Books: 20+9+3+10 Chapters

18th 18th

Table of the different Text-Groups of the Key of Solomon manuscripts, with typical titles, authors, chapter layout and date range (predominantly 17th-18th centuries).

I Alternatively Les Clavicules De Salomon Traduit de I'Hebreux en Langue Latine, par Ie Rabin Abognazar, et Mis en langue Vulgaire par M. Barrault, Archeveque diAries.

Manuscript Grouping by Language The English Key Although English versions of the Key of Solomon form only a small percentage of the total we have located, they are nonetheless some of the most significant. Sloane MS 3847 (1572) and Additional MS 36674 (16th century) are two of the earliest manuscripts, showing the Key of Solomon had travelled across Europe to England in a relatively short period of time. The Key was an important ingredient in the English tradition of aristocratic angel magic. Additional MS 36674 and Sloane MS 3847 were both in the library of Baron John Somers (1651-1716), Lord Chancellor of England, and subsequently inherited by his brother-in-law Sir Joseph Jekyll (1663-1738), Master of the Rolls, both of whom were angel magicians.1 In both manuscripts other texts are bound in with the Key of Solomon, significantly including Sepher Raziel (for both manuscripts). At some point in the early seventeenth century the Additional MS 36674 manuscript of the Key of Solomon (Text-Group KK) passed through the hands of the poet Gabriel Harvey (1550-1630), who made annotations on it and signed his name in it. Harvey was a quarrelsome man, and is often remembered for his friendship with the peet Edmund Spenser (author of The Faery Queen). The extent of Harvey and Spencer's practical interest in fairies and angels has perhaps not been fully realised. Another of the English versions, Sloane MS 3645, was bound in with a beautiful copy of Michael Maier's classic alchemical work Atalanta Fugiens, or Philosophical Emblems of the Secrets of Nature, and some medical tracts. We have located three manuscripts of the Key of Solomon attributed to the astrologer and magician Ebenezer Sibly (1752-1799).2 These are Crawford MS 158, John Rylands GB 0133 Eng MS 40, and Sibley Private Collection MS 4. Although better known for his astrology, Sibly also transcribed grimoires including the Key of Solomon and the Lemegeton, as well as writing the book A New and Complete Illustration of the Occult Sciences. Within a month of Sibly's death, his nephew sold all his manuscripts to the Covent Garden bookseller John Denley (1764-1842) 3 who as we saw is also connected with the provenance I For more on Baron Somers and Sir Jekyll and their lives and magical interests, see Skinner & Rankine, Practical Angel Magic ofDr John Dee's Enochian Tables, Golden Hoard, London, 2004, pages 4S-6. 2 For more on Ebenezer Sibly and his involvement with the grimoires, see Skinner & Rankine The Goetia ofDr Rudd, Golden Hoard, London, 2007, pages 44-4S. 3 For more on John Denley and his role in propagating the grimoires, see Skinner & Rankine, The Keys to the Gateway of Magic, Golden Hoard, London, 200S, page 2S.

The Veritable Key of Solomon of one of our present manuscripts. Denley subsequently employed Frederick Hockley to copy manuscripts, so we can only speculate as to how many copies he may have made. That at least one survived is indicated by Montague Summers mentioning a manuscript transcription of the Clavicula Salomonis by Frederick Hockley located in a private collection. 1 In an interesting synchronicity, it was in Denley's bookshop that Lord Bulwer-Lytton claimed he met the mysterious Brother of the Rosy Cross who gave him the cipher manuscript which he used to write his Rosicrucian novel Zanoni. The other known English manuscript, is a short manuscript of 58 folios, dated 1792, which in its title states that it was translated from the Hebrew into English by Edward Hunter. Interestingly this was written just four years before our present manuscript. See Edward Hunter Private Collection MS 3 in Appendix F. As its notoriety increased, Biblical scholars became fond of referring to the Key of Solomon, usually in an attempt to demonstrate that there could be no link between the Biblical king and such evil practices. A good example of this can be found in the writings of the Reverend Thomas Stackhouse in 1817, also mentioning other pseudo-Solomonic texts such as the Testament of Solomon, Throne of Solomon, Ring of Solomon and Contradiction of Solomon. Such informed references demonstrate that the Key of Solomon was well known in educated and ecclesiastical circles: "Since his time many books concerning the secrets of magic, medicine, and inchantments, have appeared under the name of this prince: and several pieces have been quoted, such as The instructions of Solomon to his son Rehoboham; The Testament of Solomon; The book of the throne of Solomon; the books of magic composed by the demons under the name of Solomon; The Clavicule, or Key of Solomon; The Ring of Solomon; the Contradiction of Solomon, &c. which were most of them very wicked and pernicious tracts, to which the authors prefixed this great name [Solomon], to give them more credit and sanction." 2

It cannot be doubted that knowledge of the Key of Solomon spread to other parts of the English-speaking world, as can be seen from the following extract from a late eighteenth century work published in Philadelphia: Another was condemned for reading a book of Solomon's, supposed to conjure legions of devils." 3 II

The occurrence of the Key of Solomon in esoteric fiction shows its enduring popularity. The classic novel Zanoni by Bulwer-Lytton is arguably the most

Montague Summers, Witchcraft and Black Magic, Rider, London , 1945, page 136. A History of the Holy Bible, corrected and improved by the Right Rev George Gleig, Vol 2,

Stackhouse, 1817, page 230.

A Debate Proposed in the Temple Patrick Society, And Fully Discussed By The Members, Whether Witches, Wizards, Magicians, Sorcerers, &c. Had Supernatural Powers, 1788, page 12.

famous and significant occult novel ever published, and once again reinforces the enduring power of the Key of Solomon. The Key of Solomon was also mentioned in one of the novels of Johannes Wilhelm Meinhold (1797-1851), author of the famous fictional spoof work The Amber Witch. The latter work was written to prove how easily academics could be fooled, and in this it was highly successful for many decades. In his short story, The Convent Witch, an exorcism from the Key is used to banish a demon who possessed a nun in a convent. "Prayers are said in vain, Dr Aspius summons to his aid one Magister Joel, who comes and drives the demon out of her, by pronouncing a tremendous exorcism out of the Clavicula Salomon is, and by drawing a Tetragrammaton with his forefinger upon her breast. The devil leaves Magdalena with a tremendous clatter: a whirlwind shakes the whole church, and upsets the bag containing the offerings."J

Continuing the English relationship with the Key of Solomon, and finally making it more widely available, was Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (1854-1917). As Mathers did not publish a single manuscript but compiled one from seven existing sources, he could be described as the creator of the most recent Key of Solomon. As one of the founders of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, Mathers' life has been well documented and needs no further discussion here.2 Ebenezer Sibly, an astrologer, was also very interested in the Key of Solomon. Strangely he made a copy of one which bears some close resemblance to the version in Wellcome MS 3670 here presented. The Sibly MS contains Chapters 1-10 and 15 of Wellcome MS 4670, but 20 Pentacles from Wellcome MS 4670 are absent from the Sibly MS, making our present text considerably more comprehensive. Notably the information and images of the Planetary Intelligences & Daemons are also absent. It is also interesting to note that the Planetary Angels are present in Wellcome MS 4670, but not in Sibly. The Aubrey MS 24 is particularly interesting because there is some evidence that John Aubrey (1626-1697) who was a well known antiquarian, father of the 17th century pseudo-Druidic revival, and a contemporary of Elias Ashmole, actually tried the experiments that he recorded in this manuscript copy. His version was derived from an Italian manuscript, as he writes in the front of this manuscript: "The booke from whence I transcribed this was writt by an Italian, and in a very good hand." Meinhold, The Convent Witch, in The Daguerrotype, Vol III, No 4, 1849, page 153. See for example The Sword of Wisdom by Ithell Colquhoun and The Magicians of the Golden Dawn by Ellie Howe. I

The Veritable Key of Solomon It seems likely that the English manuscripts of the Key were derived from Italian manuscripts, although it is possible that someone had also translated the Hygromanteia into English at an early date, possibly in the mid 1500s. We must also mention Joseph Peterson here, as a modern champion of the grimoire tradition, who through his tireless work and excellent scholarship, has made so much material freely available to all, through his books and his invaluable website www.esotericarchives.com. Peterson gives translations and transcriptions of a number of the Key of Solomon manuscripts, including Additional MS 36674, Lansdowne MS 1203, Sloane MS 3847 and a revised version of Mathers' edition. The Arabic Key

Although the Arabic traditions about Solomon's intercourse with demons are extensive, we have only been able to locate one manuscript which has a direct bearing on the Key of Solomon. 1 Undoubtedly others remain to be discovered. One of the chief sources of the pseudo-Solomonic works is Arabic literature, in which connection the legend that Solomon was the inventor of the Arabic and Syriac scripts is of interest. It is, indeed, supposed by the Arabs that Solomon wrote originally in Arabic various scientific works. Abraham Jagel in the fourth part of his Bet Ya'ar ha-Lebanon 2 says that Solomon wrote his scientific works in another language than Hebrew, so that it might be understood by the foreign kings who came to hear his wisdom. 3

Vatican Ar. MS 448. Quoted in Kerem Chemed, ii. 41 et seq. 3 I Kings v. 14. I

(M.c6.~

a(/ ~/t.n:4

()t~

1'a-QjlEya3 which is to say the Beginning and the End, who has set up all things in thy Wisdom, who hast chosen Abraham to be thy faithful servant and who has promised that from his seed, all the tribes of the Earth will be blessed, and be multiplied as the stars of Heaven; and who has appeared to thy Servant Moses as Fire in the middle of a Burning Bush, and who has made him march barefoot upon the sea, and who has given the law to His same Servant Moses on Mount Sinai; and who hast given these present Pentacles to Solomon, Thy Servant, for the preservation of the Soul and Body. We beseech Thy Majesty most humbly, that they be consecrated by Thy Power and be prepared, in such a manner that they [the Pentacles] will obtain truth and. strength against all Spirits, by Thee, Most Holy Adonay from whom the Kingdom and Empire will have no End!" These things recited, you will perfume the Talismans with the sweet-smelling fragrances and scents, after which you will wrap them in a cloth of prepared silk and place them in a clean place, which you will be able to open when ever you wish; [po 39] this place having been prepared as we will say hereafter. Enough may have been said touching and concerning the Solemn Conjuration of Spirits. We have said enough for the method of conjuring Spirits and to make them speak in our present Key. Now, I will instruct you in the preparation of experiments, and I will teach you how to work through them. East. Psalms viii., xxi., xxvii., xxix., xxxii., Ii., lxxii., cxxxiv. 3 A-D, alpha to omega, the first and last letters of the Greek alphabet. I

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CllAPITllB N'BUP. I

De 1'~Qt. aUL'SwBEi' II~.

et (amble Oil 'JOlt OJ?!i!r. I

Chapter 9 Concerning Workings for Stolen Goods and how they should be Performed If you wish to find, my dear Son, some working [to recover] any property that

has been stolen, you will do as is reported here below, and with the aid of God, you will find that which has been taken away. You should perform this working at the hour and day stated above. However, before beginning, you should say this Prayer:

Prayer "Oh Thou, Lord God, whose Holy Names multiply infinitely: Athal, Ech, Nghetion, Asser, Malach, Bassamayon, Vetes, San, Amalachia, Semaugan, Assamon, Herbac, Adonay, Elohim, Emoym, Abramae, [po 40] Archadia, Datraou, Lematiel, Eyia, Amserator, Urenia, Muchia, Daneo, Damo, Zuchiel, Deal, Emor, Egent, Gemas, who hast made the Heaven and the Earth, who hast measured it with the palm of Thy holy hand, who is seated upon the Cherubim and Seraphim and in the Heavens where [human] Understanding may not come in any manner, Oh thou, who hast made everything by thy Ministry, in whose sight are the Animals who have six wings,l of which there are four, who are [winged like] birds, saying incessantly: 'Qadosh, Adonay, Zenard, Heavens and the Earth are full of thy Majesty', Lord God, who hast chased Adam from the Earthly paradise and who hast established the Cherab2 to guard the Tree of Life. For Thou art the Lord who alone makes wonders. Show me Thy mercy, by the holy City of Jerusalem and by thy Adorable Name, which is Jod, He, Vav, Hetz. 3 Give to me the strength to arrive at the end of this Operation. By Thee who art, and who wilt be, until the end of the Ages."

Ezechiel's 'Living Creatures'. Cherubim. 3 This should be Yod, He, Yav, He. This is an interesting mistake, as Cheth n and He n are easily confused in Hebrew, but not so easily mixed up in their transliterated French form. This suggests that this manuscript really came from a Hebrew original. I

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The Veritable Key of Solomon Conjuration uOh You Spirits [which we] conjured beforehand, follow your promise, appear, and show us the thing which we seek." They will show you the person who has stolen from you. However, consider that all things have been prepared according to what has been laid down in the different chapters. For if you are missing any [thing], [po 41] it would not be possible to perform any working. Let the Master and his companions therefore be vigilant and not omit anything, if they wish to [successfully] reach the end.

End of the First Book of the Clavicle or Key of Solomon, King of the Hebrews, and Son of David

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Supplementary Chapters of this Book which appear in other manuscripts

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The Veritable Key of Solomon [p.105]

Chapter 10 Of the Experiment of Invisibility, and how it should be Performed 1

If you wish to perform the experiment of invisibility, you should perform it as has been contained in the same operation. If you observe the day and hour to it, you should perform it as stated in the relevant chapters. But if you don't observe the day [po 106] and hour that has been indicated in that chapter, then you should follow the instructions in the chapter that precedes that one. If you need to write during the experiment, you should perform the experiment as written later on in its relevant chapter with paper, pen and ink or blood. But if it needs to be done by invocation, you should say the following before the Conjuration with devotion in your heart:

"Saboles, Habaron, Eloy, Elimygit, Gebeloy, Semitic on, Metinolih, Sabanitera, Nerombel, Calemite, Daluti, Timaguel, Villaguel, Tevemes, Sene, Jerete, Baruchaba, Athonaval, Barachaba, Eraticum. By the One, through whom you have the authority and the power over men, you will finish this work, that you may go and remain invisible." And if you need to draw a circle for this operation, you should do as has been prescribed in the chapter [po 107] concerning Circles. If you need to write out symbols, etc., you should follow the method that is given in the relevant chapters. When you have prepared in this way, there is an appropriate Conjuration that you need to say, otherwise you should recite the Conjuration that follows these words and add: "Oh thou Almiras, Master of Invisibility with thy Ministers, Chorus, Mayton, Matagix, Ebyros, Diomidis, Uguemenos, Abadem, Periberim, Tangialem, Trensidem, Saccantos, Abeloy, Bored, Bellamia, Castormy, Detel. I conjure you by Him who maketh the Heaven and the Earth tremble, who are seated upon the throne of His Majesty, that this operation may be completed in perfection according to my intent and strength, that I may be invisible at whatever hour is pleasing to me." "I conjure thee anew Almiras, Lord of Invisibility, [po 108] thou and thy Ministers, by Him through whom all things liveth and by Saturiel, Arthiel, Daniel, Beniel, Asseme, that thou mayest come hither forthwith with all thy Ministers and achieve this operation, as thou knowest, that it ought to be completed and that through the same operation thou wilt render me invisible, so that no

I Taken from Kings MS 288. Also appears in Mathers (1909) Book I, Chapter X, with some differences in the barbaric names.

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person may see me." In order to perform the operation just mentioned, you will need to prepare all these things with the required care and diligence and place all the general and particular solemnities contained in the experiments, into your works and with almost all the conditions contained in the First and in the Second Book. You should recite the Conjurations for the same rituals that have been applied and adapted [to this outcome] with all the solemnities outlined in the relevant chapters. [po 109] Then you should be able to perform the experiment safely and in this way you shall find it to be a genuine experiment.

But on the other hand, if you omit anything or if you make a mistake, you'll never be able to accomplish what you are intending to do. To draw a parallel, you will not be able to enter a town through its walls, but will enter [more easily] through its gates.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon

How To Render Oneself Invisible. 1 Make a small image of yellow wax, in the form of a man, in the month of January, and in the day and hour of Saturn, and at that time write with a needle above the crown of its head and upon its skull which thou shalt have adroitly raised, the character following:

GHZ~ After which thou shalt replace the [top of the] skull in its proper position. Thou shalt then write upon a small strip of the skin of a frog or toad which thou shalt have killed, the following words and characters:

he!s, he!, he!s,

~ A CL

Thou shalt then go and suspend the said figure by one of thy hairs from the vault of a cavern at the hour of midnight, and perfuming it with the proper incense thou shalt say:"Metatron, Melekh, Beroth, Noth, Venibbeth, Mach, and all ye, I conjure thee o Figure of wax, by the Living God, that by the virtue of these Characters and words, thou render me invisible, wherever I may bear thee with me. Amen." And after having censed it anew, thou shalt bury it in the same place in a small deal box, and every time that thou wishest to pass or enter into any place without being seen, thou shalt say these words, bearing the aforesaid figure in thy left pocket-"Come unto me and never quit me whithersoever I shall go." Afterwards thou shalt take it carefully back unto the before-mentioned place and cover it with earth until thou shalt need it again.

I An alternative method drawn from Lansdowne MS l203, which also appears in Mathers (1909), Book I, Chapter X.

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Chapter 11 Concerning the Operation of Love and the way it is Performed 1 Every time you come to perform operations or rituals for love, in order to attract good favour and obtain a male or female, the Master of the operation should be well instructed in what has been prescribed in the chapter dealing with [the comportment of] the Exorcist. With that taken for granted, when you undertake the specified [po 110] operation, you should perform everything exactly as written and with care, especially those things which you need to do. If you don't take notice of the day or hour, then you need to refer back to the chapter that deals with that subject. If you need to use a wax image in your operation, or an image [made] of some other material, then you should go ahead using the indications in the chapter concerning Wax. When you have done this and finished preparing the wax [figure], you should pronounce the following words:

"Noga, Jes, Astropalem, Asmo, Cocau, Sabee, Desaboday, Jerim, Emus, Levaria, Neurim, Babus, Sator, Jihi, Pirus, Theut, Vereset, Lamstararod, Iadonay, Erisset, Viloporas, Tamis, Astropie1, Luon, Noaphoras, Latistem, Omoras, Epinamas, Jephormi, Peronias, Sonotrabas, Berlorim, Inopeson, [po111] Necopolitas, Usion, Arvas, Cudos, Moas, Sophina, Amos, Trator, Soma, Inora, Jesil, Abigrabeni, Inavis, Asartim, Atenavim, Daravisies, Arasmali, Egeri, Artabael, Beliah, Boncifath, Otau, Aravi, Zeuper, Meidor, Ariel, Zeviet, Arinalatisten, Belpher, Emalsood, Agalaton, Ton, E1, Platerion, Selateuk, Pusmator, Turons, Nostrasil, Thuri, Meave1, Cenitu, Serpora, Coribom, Tugam, Asenide, Kalemi, Zucmeni, Ermona, Coeglarth, Templator, Amnator, Accusator. I conjure you, all you Ministers of Love and of Fornication, by the One who compels all the days, that you consecrate and affirm this Wax [image] here present as much as is necessary in order to obtain my will through the virtue and power of the most holy Saint Adonay, who remains eternally throughout all Ages. Amen." [po 112] When you have done all this, you should first make an image, as has been prescribed for this operation. If you need to write on the image, then you must do so with the quill pen and with quality ink, which will be described in due course. You should perfume the said image in the way that we shall discuss also in due course. If there are any other solemnities that need to be observed, content yourself with what we have mentioned about them in their appropriate chapters. If you need to perform some invocation over the said image, then perform it according to the particular method for this operation.

Taken from Kings MS 288. This chapter does not appears in Mathers.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon At the end of the Conjuration, you should do the perfuming and censing, which we have already mentioned in the chapter concerning perfumes. While holding the image over the perfume, say the following words, or something similar: "Oh Eastern Asmodee, most shining, most excellent King, who reigns and who hath the command in Eastern Regions, [po113] whose Kingdom hath had commencement [at the beginning of] the World and [which] will endure until the end of the Ages. Oh Thou Paimon, King most glorious, who holds powerful dominion in the Western Regions of the Heavens. Oh Thou Egym,l King most strong, whose Kingdom and Empire reaches into the cold regions of the North.

o Thou Amaymon, King most noble, who holds sway over the regions of the South, I invoke you all with power and I pray to you with the authority of the One who spoke and who hath made all, and who, with one sole word gave birth to the word [world] and whom all Creatures obey. By the Seat of his Majesty, by which He hath created the Ages before the permanent Ages, who is described with four letters, Jod, He, Vau, He, and by all the Talismans and their virtues, and by the great and august names of the Creator, that you may consecrate the image here present [po114] as it is fit and meet to do so and may you create it so that it may obtain and impel N.N. whom we also desire by the most holy name of Adonay, whose virtue hath no beginning and will have no end." After this, do the special conjuration for this operation again. If the woman arrives by this time, then all is well. But if she does not come, place the image beneath the pillow of her bed, making sure to conceal it and before three days are done or on the third day, you should see some wondrous and amazing things in regards to this woman, who will immediately come to be near you or will send a message or an envoy [to you] and in this way, you will complete the matters stated above satisfactorily. Iron chains will not be able to deter her and prevent her from coming to you! [po115] But if you use any metallic material to depict or engrave an image, engrave and mould it on lead or tin, but then you need to write and engrave all the names, as has been stated previously. But if you need to write down the operation or depict any symbols, or if there are any names that need to be inscribed, then you need to write, depict or inscribe using the paper with the quill pen, which has been described in their appropriate place. If you need to note the hours, then you need to first refer back to the chapters dealing with the hours.

Usually spelled Egyn.

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Then you should perform all the solemnities required for such cases, as has been prescribed in the proper chapters from the First and Second Books. But if you perform the [alternative] operation, in which you need to touch the lover or even touch some writing, letter or similar [thing], which are [then] placed under the threshold or steps of the front door or placed in some other place, where the person [po 116] is sure to pass over it, or if you perform any other kind of similar operation in nature and condition, where you need to use 'seasoned' powder to throw over her, or put into something, which you give her to eat, then you will have to take note of all the requisite solemnities, especially in regards to the hours, the weather, the materials and the instruments, as has been stated in the relevant chapters; afterwards you need to perform all the solemnities and other necessary things over the powder, which you should then throw over her or which you put in something for her to eat. And then after this, say the following Prayer: "In whatever region of the world that you may be and by whatever name you are called, I conjure you and exorcise you, oh Dremons, who have the power to overthrow the hearts of men and women, by the One who hath created you from naught, that you may come forthwith and without delay this night in person, in order to deal with this [po 117] matter and may you consecrate this secret powder for as much as is necessary to give it the power and the virtue to constrain and compel all the males and females that I would desire to love me, and to inspire love in them for me." You then need to work this operation as has been stated in the appropriate article. The symbols, the figures and the images are formed, engraved or imprinted on wax or on other materials, the following Conjuration should then be said over the items mentioned: "I conjure you Anael, Donguel, Teliel, Princes of Love and all your Ministers, such that they may be, who have the power to fire men and women with passion, and to excite and ignite them with the fire of love. I conjure you, I say, by the One who is seated upon the Seraphim and upon the Cherubim, looking into [po 118] the abyss and making the World tremble and to whom all Creatures obey, so that you may command with force these symbols, figures or images and that you may consecrate them in a manner that the person to whom I shall give them, or whom I will make walk over them, may conceive such a love in her heart that she may love me without difficulty, cherish me, have hope in me and burn with love for me, without worrying who I might be and may all her thoughts and peace of mind be of me. " Then bury and conceal this operation at a crossroad, at the centre point of the junction of the four roads, and then you should do as has been prescribed in the appropriate chapter, and you should see your intention come to fruition.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon [p. 119]

Chapter 12 Concerning the Operation or Work of the Apple 1 When you wish to perform the Operation or Work of the Apple, you should prepare it during the hour and [during good] weather that has been prescribed in the relevant chapter. The apple needs to be well formed and without blemish and all that I say here concerning the apple is equally valid for all sorts of fruits, such as pear, peach, etc. You should therefore take this fruit in your hand and take it to a secret location. Before each time you pick it from the tree, sprinkle it with exorcised and consecrated water, such as we have dealt with in the chapter concerning water, and when you have removed it from the tree perfume it with scents, perfumes and suffumigations of the Art in that secret place and continue by saying the following Conjuration: [po 120] "Lord God almighty, who hath formed the Earth and who hath wondrously formed Eve from the rib of Adam, who having given the fruit to him to eat, made him sin, make it also so that he or she who will eat of this fruit or will touch it, will do and execute my various desires.

I conjure thee, fruit of apple, by the One who hath created thee and by the Holy Names of El, Elohym, Elohu, Eheye and by those three princes of the Angels of Paradise, Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and by all the Choirs and Hosts of Angels. I conjure thee also by the virtue of God and his ineffable Names, that is to say: Jod, He, Vau, He, Agla, Primaton, Saday, Jah, Jah, Jah, El and Entoph,2 who hath created all things and the Ages from the beginning of the Ages, make it so that he or she who will eat of, or touch, this fruit will have no peace and no repose until [po 121] he or she hath wholly fulfilled my will." If you have to write anything on the apple or any other fruit, write it with the quill of the Art and at the requisite hour as it has been stated in its place, and say the following prayer or Conjuration over the apple.

"1 conjure thee also, oh fruit by Cheodor, Cosma and Binas 3 and by the names of the Six Sephiroth as also by all the Dcemons of the Infernal lair, that he or she to whom I will give thee, show thee, or make touch thee, may burn with fire, with love, for me and that he or she may have no peace nor repose, 1 Taken

from Kings MS 288. This Chapter does not appears in Mathers. Maybe 'En Soph', that which came before the manifestation of the Sephitoth. 3 This is clearly a corruption of the Supernal Triad of the Tree of Life: Kether, Chokmah and Binah. The six Sephiroth are Chesed, Geburah, Tiphareth, Netzach, Hod and Yesod. 2

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until he or she has entirely accomplished my desires." You can perform other rituals for love with a picture or representation of the face or eyes of a woman. When you do perform similar experiments, also take the hours and the weather into [po 122] consideration. If you observe everything that has been prescribed, you should see that the operations are effective through their results.

315

The Veritable Key of Solomon [p. 122]

Chapter 13 Concerning the Operation for Love in Dreams and how you should Practice 1

If you wish to enjoy a person of either sex in a dream, perform the rituals at the hours indicated in the Second Book before you do any conjuration. In order to work in dreams therefore, you should make sure that the sky is calm and that there are no dark clouds and that the air is clear so that you can meditate in your room or office from where you will be able to see the stars, the heavenly bodies or the Moon, if she is lit up at that time, and say the following Names in your heart, or in a low voice: [po 123] "Agla, Jod, He, Vau, He, Jah, Jah, Jah, Vah, Vah, Vah, Jah, Jah, Jah, Lanistarod, Adonay, Elohemo, At ... .soe,2 Lance, Ulbanens, Gasgolano."

"Holy and almighty Lord and Father, who hast created all things, who knowest the heart of men and of women through thy most holy names as mentioned above, illuminate the heart and spirit of N. so that he or she may cherish me with an equal love with which I love her, so that she may accomplish my will entirely, just as I am ready to do thine, and as I shall carry this image to bed with me, may she dream of being with me and imagine that she holds me pleasantly and truly in her arms." When you want to work using this operation, place this image under your pillow and say the aforementioned conjuration three times and you should see the result, making sure that [po 124] you have first performed all the solemnities indicated in the first chapter of the Second Book.

1 Taken

from Kings MS 288. This Chapter does not appear in Mathers. Unintelligible name.

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[p.124]

Chapter 14 Operation and Rituals for stirring up Hatred and the Destruction of Enemies 1 The Operations for hatred and the destruction of enemies or others, can be performed in several ways, taking note of each particular operation carefully and faithfully. If for some reason you are using an image made from wax or some other kind of material, and the day and hour happens not to be indicated for them, then you should immediately refer back to the chapters regarding hours. Then make and prepare this image in the appropriate way and manner and in order. Then use the appropriate perfume and suffumigations of the Art [po 125] and if you need to write on the mentioned image, write according to the Art and afterwards say the following words over the image: "Usor, Dilapidator, Tentator, Samniator, Devorator, Corrosor et Seductor, you, say I, I conjure you all with your Ministers and Companions, I constrain and compel you and command you, that whatever you do, you do so willingly and that you consecrate this in the Name of N.N. etc." You should name the persons so that they hate each other strongly as never before and so they will never be able to tolerate one another. You should then place the image in some censed location with some foul smelling and stinking scent, principally of [the] aspects of Mars, such as sulphur, asafoetida, etc. It is important that these stinking scents remain in place for one night. Afterwards, you should bury the image as has been said in the appropriate operation while making note of the [po 126] appropriate hour and weather. If it is a case of having to perform the operation with symbols or with names, or touching magnets, or by words or anything else, the observation of the days and hours is really important for it, as has been prescribed in its relevant chapters. If you need to observe and prepare anything for the operation, then it needs to be done as has been indicated in the Second Book.

But if you need to give something to someone to eat, during the operation, then you also need to take the appropriate days and hours into consideration, as it has been said before in the chapter concerning the hours. When you have prepared all these things, say over them: "Where are you, Consumator, Usor, Lapidator, Diversator, Tentator, Seminator, Discordice? Where are you, you others, who cause hatred, who sow the seeds

Taken from Kings MS 288. This Chapter does not appear in Mathers.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon of discord and [po 127] strife, and do not desire anything other than enmity, quarrels and disputes. I conjure you by the One who hath created you and who hath commanded you to this ministry so that you may perform and practice such deeds. I conjure you with insistence and once more, that you make it that he or she, who will eat of this thing, or will touch it in some way, may he or she never come to any good or perfect union nor be reconciled." After that, you should give a piece of it to the lovers or to whomever you would wish [to inflict dissention upon] at the hour of Saturn or Mars, and in time, all that you wish for will come to pass.

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[p.128]

Chapter 15 How to prepare Operations of Trickery, Mockery, Invisibility and Deception 1 You can perform the rituals for trickery, mockery and deceptions in several ways. Whenever you wish to practice these rituals on someone, observe the day and hour, as we have mentioned, and it is important to write down all your operation as we have prescribed in its relevant chapter. If you need to write any symbols or words, do so on virgin paper, of which we will talk about further on. As for the ink, if it has not been prescribed in the operation, then you need to use blood from bats or 'winged rats' [po 129] with the pen or quill of the Art. But before you do it and write the symbols or the names, occasionally refer back to all the things that have been indicated in their relevant chapters and when you have executed them in this manner, you should have a workable operation before you, and then you should pronounce the following words above them in a low voice: "Abbac, Abdac, Istac, Audac, Castrac, Coac, Suses, Tristator, Derisor, Detestator, Incantator, come hither you Berlandiers who love the days and the places, where all sorts of mockeries and deceptions take place. And you who make things disappear and make them invisible, come and deceive those who look at these things, so that they be tricked, and that it seems to them to see always what they do not see and hear that which they do not hear, [po 130] may their senses be deceived and may they see that which is not true. Therefore, come and stay and consecrate this enchantment, because God the almighty Lord has destined you for such things." After you have completed this operation or operation which you have prepared in this manner, during the hour and under the weather conditions that have been demonstrated and instructed, then the aforementioned words "Abbac etc." need to be written with the pen, which is prescribed here and if you do need to do the operation without writing down in any way, which may happen, you should always say the abovementioned words" Abbac etc." and you need to repeat them as written above. If you practice these things in this way, then you will bring about the desired effect of your rituals and operations, through whose means you will easily be able to deceive people's senses.2

From Kings MS 288. Also in other manuscripts, and in Mathers (1909), Book I, Chapter XVI. This is effectively an operation of enchantment.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon [p.131]

Chapter 16 How to prepare Extraordinary Experiments and Operations 1 In the preceding chapters we have spoken about common operations and rituals, which people have been accustomed to practice and to make work, and we see very well that we have given enough information about them for you to perform them to perfection. In this chapter we now need to talk about extraordinary rites and rituals, which can also be performed in several ways. For example, how to tie up aiguillettes,2 how to prevent men from having any business, or enjoy knowing their wives carnally. The rituals for union and harmony and such similar things, which women were used to making use of, [but] with no solemnity nor ceremony, and who [po 132] occasionally succeed and arrived at their intention, was due to their great faith, which they applied whenever they practiced them. Because their faith is sufficient and surplus during such occasions, they have no need of solemnities or ceremonies. Nevertheless, anyone who wishes to practice rituals and operations such as these, needs to observe the days and the hours as has been said in the relevant chapter and with virgin paper and other necessary and prepared things, as has also been prescribed in their appropriate chapters. When you have prepared one such experiment, hold it in front of you and say: "God, who hath made all things and who hath given us the knowledge to know good and evil, by thy holy name and by these holy names, Jod, Jah, Vau, Dalos, Taphor, Sapajor, Incor, Amator, Creator, make it so, [po 133] Oh Lord that this experiment in my hands may be found true by thy holy seat, Adonay, from whom the Kingdom and the Authority endures eternally unto all the Ages, Amen." When this has been said, perform the experiment, while making sure that it is during the appropriate hour, and perfume and cense as has been prescribed below in its relevant chapter, sprinkling it with exorcised water and performing all the ceremonies and solemnities as has been stated in the Second Book.

From Kings MS 288. Also appears in less detail in Mathers (1909), Book I, Chapter XVII. Aiguillettes were originally uniform braided cords, and derive from the shoulder decoration worn by standard bearers in the French Imperial Army under Napoleon. The implication may be that this operation can prevent them securing any military rank. I

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[p.134]

Chapter 17 Concerning the Holy Pentacles, Talismans or Medallions and their Material 1 The medallions, Pentacles or Talismans, which can terrify spirits and reduce them to a state of obedience, have besides this quality, other wonderful and admirable qualities. If you invoke the Spirits in conformity with these Pentacles, they will obey with no reluctance and after seeing them and realising what they are, they will be surprised by them and they will fear them and you will see them so surprised from fear and from terror, that there will not be a single one of them who will be able to go against your will. They are also very useful against all the dangers from the elements of Earth, Air, Water and Fire [p.135] and against poison that you have drunk, against all sorts of diseases and needs, against knotting of aiguillettes and against all spells and witchcraft. Against all terror and fear and wherever you find yourself armed, you will be safe during all the days of your life. You can acquire grace and benevolence from men and women through them, fire will be extinguished, water will cease to flow and all creatures will fear the sight of the names that are written on them, and they will obey them through fear. These Pentacles are ordinarily made with the metal most appropriate to the Planet and for the time being it is not necessary to note the rule for colours. But they need to be engraved with the instrument of the Art during the days and hours corresponding to the relevant Planet. Saturn rules lead, Jupiter tin, Mars iron, the Sun gold, Venus copper, Mercury a mixture of metals and the Moon silver. [po 136] However, you can also make them with exorcised virgin paper, but you need to write using the colours corresponding to each Planet, with everything corresponding to what we have said in the appropriate chapters, making sure that the Pentacles are in harmony with their related Planets.

This is why h [Saturn] takes the colour black as its colour. 2! Uupiter] rules over sky blue. 6' [Mars] over red. 0 [Sun] over gold or the yellow colour of lemon. 'f [Venus] over green. ~ [Mercury] over mixed colours. ([ [Moon] over silver or the colour of silvery earth. The material must be virgin in nature that has never been used, or if it is one of the metals, it should at least be purified with fire. As far as the size of the Pentacles is concerned, this is arbitrary, provided that they have been made in accordance with the rules and with the required solemnities, as has been prescribed. I

From Kings MS 288. Also appears in Mathers (1909), Book I, Chapter XVIII.

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Chapter 18 To Hinder a Sportsman from Killing any Game 1

Take a stick of green elder, from the two ends of which thou shalt clean out the pith. In each end place a strip of parchment of hare-skin, having written thereon with the blood of a black hen the following character and word: (C: ABIMEG

~))

Having made two of these slips, place one in each end of the stick and close the apertures up with pith, afterwards on a Friday in the month of February thou shalt fumigate the aforesaid stick with suitable incense thrice in the air, and having taken it thence thou shalt bury it in the earth under an elder-tree. Afterwards thou shalt expose it in the pathway by which the sportsman will pass, and once he has passed by it, he need not hope to kill any game during that day. If thou shalt wish a second time to lay a spell upon him in like manner, thou needest but to expose the stick again in his path; but take care to bury it again in the earth under an elder tree, so as to be able to take it from thence each time that thou shalt have need of it; and to take it up each time as soon as the Sportsman shall have passed.

Mathers (1909) Book I, Chapter XI, taken from Lansdowne MS 1203.

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Chapter 19 How to Make the Magic Garters 1 Take enough of the skin of a stag to make two hollow tubular Garters, but before stitching them up thou shalt write on the side of the skin which was next [to] the flesh the words and characters

DUROSA

~E f'~ooM3A3·

With the blood of a hare killed on the 25th of June,2 and having filled the said Garters with green mugwort gathered also on the 25th June before sunrise, thou shalt put in the two ends of each the eye of the fish called barbell; and when thou shalt wish to use them thou shalt get up before sunrise and wash them in a brook of running water, and place them one on each leg above the knee. After this thou shalt take a short rod of holm-oak cut on the same 25th of June, turn in the direction thou wishest to go, write upon the ground the name of the place, and commencing thy journey thou wilt find it accomplished in a few days, and without fatigue. When thou wishest to stop thou hast only to say Amech and beat the air with the aforesaid wand, and incontinently3 thou shalt be on firm ground.

Mathers (1909) Book I, Chapter XII, taken from Lansdowne MS 1203. The day after St. John the Baptist's Day. 3 At once. I

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Chapter 20 How to make the Magic Carpet proper for Interrogating the Intelligences, so as to obtain an Answer regarding whatsoever Matter one may Wish to Learn 1 Make a Carpet of white and new wool, and when the Moon shall be at her full, in the Sign of Capricorn and in the hour of the Sun, thou shalt go into the country away from any habitation of man, in a place free from all impurity, and shalt spread out thy Carpet so that one of its points shall be towards the east, and another towards the west, and having made a Circle without it and enclosing it, thou shalt remain within [it] upon the point towards the east, and holding thy wand in the air for every operation, thou shalt call upon Michael,2 towards the north upon Raphael, towards the west upon Cabriel, and towards the south upon Muriel. After this thou shalt return unto the point of the East and devoutly invoke the Creat Name ACLA, and take this point of the Carpet in thy left hand; turning then towards the North thou shalt do the same, and so continuing to the other points of the Carpet, thou shalt raise them so that they touch not the ground, and holding them up thus, and turning anew towards the East thou shalt say with great veneration the following Prayer:--

Prayer ACLA, ACLA, ACLA, ACLA; 0 Cod Almighty Who art the Life of the Universe and Who rulest over the four divisions of its vast form by the strength and virtue of the Four Letters of Thy Holy Name Tetragrammaton, Yod, He, Vau, He, bless in Thy Name this covering which I hold as Thou hast blessed the Mantle of Elijah in the hands of Elisha, so that being covered by Thy Wings, nothing may be able to injure me, even as it is said:- 'He shall hide thee under His Wings and beneath His feathers shall thou trust, His truth shall be thy shield and buckler./I /I

After this thou shalt fold it up, saying these words following:-

Mathers (1909) Book I, Chapter XIII, taken from from Lansdowne MS 1203. Mathers comments: "I have usually found Michael attributed to the South; Raphael to the East; Gabriel to the West; and Auriel to the North. Likewise I think the operator should tum following the course of the Sun, and not contrariwise as in the text." His comment follows the order of the Golden Dawn Lesser Banishing Ritual of the Pentagram. These four archangels are usually mapped onto the lower Sephiroth of the Tree of Life as Michael to Tiphareth; Raphael to Hod; Gabriel to Yesod; and Auriel to Netzach. I

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"Recabustira, Cabustira, Bustira, Tira Ra, A"; and shall keep it carefully to serve thee at need. When thou shalt be desirous to make thine interrogations, choose the night of full or of new moon, and from midnight until daybreak. Thou shalt transport thyself unto the appointed spot if it be for the purpose of discovering a treasure; if not, any place will serve provided it be clean and pure. Having had the precaution on the preceding evening to write upon a slip of virgin parchment coloured azure-blue, with a pen made from the feather of a dove, this Character and Name:

taking thy carpet, thou shalt cover thy head and body therewith, and taking the censer, with new fire therein, thou shalt place it in or upon the proper place, and cast thereon some incense. Then shalt thou prostrate thyself upon the ground, with thy face towards the earth, before the incense beginneth to fume, keeping the fire of the same beneath the carpet, holding thy wand upright, against which to rest thy chin; thou shalt hold with thy right hand the aforesaid strip of parchment against thy forehead, and thou shalt say the following words:"Vegale, Hamicata, Urns a, Terata, Yeh, Dah, Ma, Baxasoxa, Un, Horah, Himesere; 0 God the Vast One send unto me the Inspiration of Thy Light, make me to discover the secret thing which I ask of Thee, whatsoever such or such a thing may be, make me to search it out by the aid of Thy holy Ministers Raziel, Tzaphniel, Matmoniel; Lo, Thou hast desired truth in the young, and in the hidden thing shalt Thou make me know wisdom. Recabustira, Cabustira, Bustira, Tira, Ra, A, Karkahita, Kahita, Hita, Ta." And thou shalt hear distinctly the answer which thou shalt have sought.

I Only the seal on the left should be used with the reconstructed Hebrew. In practice, omit what appears to be three mangled Hebrew letters in the middle.

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Chapter 21

How to Render thyself Master of a Treasure Possessed by the Spirits 1 The Earth being inhabited, as I have before said unto thee, by a great number of Celestial Beings and Spirits, who by their subtilty and prevision know the places wherein treasures are hidden, and seeing that it often happeneth that those men who undertake a search for these said treasures are molested and sometimes put to death by the aforesaid Spirits, which are called Gnomes; which, however, is not done through the Avarice of these said Gnomes, a Spirit being incapable of possessing anything, having no material senses wherewith to bring it into use, but because these Spirits, who are enemies of the passions, are equally so of Avarice, unto which men are so much inclined; and foreseeing the evil ends for which these treasures will be employed have some interest and aim in maintaining the earth in its condition of price and value,2 seeing that they are its inhabitants, and when they slightly disturb the workers in such kind of treasures, it is a warning which they give them to cease from the work, and if it happen that the greedy importunity of the aforesaid workers oblige them to continue, notwithstanding the aforesaid warnings, the Spirits, irritated by their despising the same, frequently put the workmen to death. But know, 0 my Son, that from the time that thou shalt have the good fortune to be familiar with such kinds of Spirits, and that thou shalt be able by means of what I have taught thee to make them submit unto thine orders, they will be happy to give thee, and to make thee partaker in that which they uselessly possess, provided that thine object and end shall be to make a good use thereof.

The Manner Of Performing The Operation On a Sunday before sunrise, between the 10th of July and the 20th of August, when the moon is in the Sign of the Lion, thou shalt go unto the place where thou shalt know either by interrogation of the Intelligences, or otherwise, that there is a treasure; there thou shalt describe a Circle of sufficient size with the Sword of Magic Art wherein to open up the earth, as the nature of the ground will allow; thrice during the day shalt thou cense it with the incense proper for the day, after which being clothed in the raiment proper for the Operation thou shalt suspend in some way by a machine immediately above the opening a lamp, whose oil should be mingled with the fat of a man who has

Mathers (1909) Book I, Chapter XIV, taken from from Lansdowne MS 1203. This may originally have been 'peace and value'.

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died in the month of July, and the wick being made from the cloth wherein he has been buried. Having kindled this with fresh fire, thou shalt fortify the workmen with a girdle of the skin of a goat newly slain, whereon shall be written with the blood of the dead man from whom thou shalt have taken the fat these words and characters:

NOPA

€=: t [»~~ Ie ~

++..g.8~') ~. - (S) You can then make use of it whenever you want and be sure that wherever you sprinkle with this water, you will drive away Phantoms, evil Spirits, and that this is most necessary in the Workings of the Art. 4

1 Pewter is made of lead, tin, antimony, and sometimes copper. Glazing the pewter prevents poisonous lead dissolving into the water. 2 Psalms cii, Ii v, vi, Ixvii. 3 The French is verbena, but vervain is what occurs in most other manuscripts. 4 This tool is an aspergil\um, a brush for sprinkling holy water.

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CHAPITRE X. ,/

f8::Jv' De k LUll1iere &,au Feu __ ~"B"" Chapter 10 Concerning Light and Fire You cannot work without fire or light and in all of the Workings, one or the other is necessary. Lights [tapers] must be made with virgin wax. When it is a question of making yourselves favourable to the good Spirits; but when it is necessary to protect yourselves against evil Spirits, you must use a lamp with oil of poppy seed for the infernal Spirits.l When it is a matter of invoking the Dead, the candle must be made with the [po 66] fat from a wolf or billy goat. Before all things, it is necessary, as we have already said, to have perfumes and to sprinkle everything with the exorcised water and to say above the light or the fire the prescribed Prayers above. The person performing the Operation, should [also] recite the following Psalms: Lord of Hosts, etc. Without Thee, Lord, who am I? etc.

Possibly seeds of the papaver somniferum.

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CHAPITRB XI. L

Des Habillculens., ChauJfcs &, SouIiers .

. ...,...~~....

Chapter 11 Concerning Clothes, Boots and Shoes The exterior clothing which the Master of the Art wears should be [made] from white linen or better yet if they can be made of silk. If they are of linen, it is necessary that the thread has been spun by a virgin, and these characters must be embroidered at the level of the chest with a needle of the Art and made with a fine thread of red silk.

The boots should be similarly of white linen onto which should be [embroidered] the following Characters, made in the same manner as above:

The shoes or sandals must be made [po67] of a similarly white material, onto which you will have embroidered one of these characters: (I am talking about the Master's Sandals)

As for the footwear of the Companions, it must be made of linen cloth, onto which the following characters must be 'engraved':

,,*,,)-+-b- ..a-3 tL-.rf-O ,II ~ ~

r--lU

f'V'A..

1:t

1.01' ~

You will not forget that before dressing yourself either with the Robe or with the boots, or with the sandals, it is necessary to recite the following Psalms every time:

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The Veritable Key of Solomon Lord who abidest, etc. God who reads in my heart, etc. Oh God, hallowed be Thy Name, etc. When you are nor performing your Works, be mindful that all these garments must be enclosed in a box of scented wood, onto the lid of which you will have had engraved this Circle:

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,CBAll~:a.E k

[p.68]

---

m. . .

.....

Chapter 12 Concerning the Pen and the Ink

All things which must be written in this Magical Art, must be written as stated below: You take a male gosling from which you will have plucked the third feather from the right wing and in taking it, you will say these words: "Abrahy, Habglas, Samay, Thie, Domal, Atheol, Caver, Adonay, drive all malignity from this Feather destined for great Workings and give it the necessary virtue to write all things which concern the Art. Then you will trim it with the knife and having perfumed it, you will place it in the writing box which you will have made form walnut wood, and on which you will have engraved with the penknife 1 of the Art these Names: Jod, He, Vau, Mitraton, Jad, Cados, Zenard."2 For the Ink, it must be red, that is to say, as the case stipulates, from the blood of various animals of which we have spoken above. You may in certain workings make use of other colours, but it is always imperative that they be perfumed and sprinkled with the exorcised water. If it is other types of pens and feathers that you wish to work with for particular workings, then we will deal with that in the following chapter.

Stylet. Y od He Vav He, Metatron, Y od, Qadosh, Zenard [Tzabaoth].

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o HAPITB.B xm.

______

~~~

______

[p. 69]

Chapter 13

Concerning Pens from the Quills of Swallows and Crows It is necessary to take the longest feather from the left wing of the swallow,

trim it with the Knife of the Art, and having sprinkled and perfumed it, use it according to the occasion. For that of the crow, that is to say, the third on the left wing, which cannot be used in Workings which deal with invoking the Dead, and then you should use human blood to write with, having pronounced these words: "Matiel, Miniel, be my aid and allow this pen to serve me in my Workings, so that no evil spirit may disturb me."

352

c: B A:PI ~J.-B

XIV.

Du Sang de Chaufti..aouds, "ligeoaU lE aubU IODin,.,.

.....

Chapter 14 Concerning the Blood of Bats, Pigeons and other Animals

Take as you wish from any of these living animals and exorcise it while saying these words: "Camaio, Canto, Morbao, I conjure you, Oh bat, pigeon or other, to serve me with no regret for the working [po 70] which I am undertaking with the help of the Most High, who has created you and in the Name of Adam, who has named you along with all the other living and breathing creatures." Then take a small lance 1 of the Art and draw blood from the right wing and collect the blood in the glass and pronounce above it: "Aratron, Elion, be my aid and may this blood have the power of which I have need." That done, pour it into a phial, stop it well and keep it for any occasion that you have need of it. When it is a matter of the blood of a Quadruped, draw the blood from the left thigh, observing all the same precautions.

I Lancette. Sometimes thought to be a burin, but the French word 'burin' usually means an engraving instrument.

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CaA.Pl~:a.lI

XV.

Chapter 15 Concerning Paper and Virgin Parchment The virgin parchment is necessary in all Magical workings. We call it 'virgin', because it is necessary that it be made with the skin of a young animal which has not yet reached maturity, such as a lamb or kid goat. Take then the animal which you want, and let it be a male, withdraw to an obscure place and by the gleam of the lantern, take the knife of the Art and having cut the throat of the animal, 1 [po 71] remove its skin while saying: "I conjure Thee, King of Angels, EI Sa day, that the skin of this animal be of use to me as a parchment upon which I may write all things regarding the Magical Arts or Workings which I will perform in Thy Holy Name." The Animal being skinned, take its skin and cover it with salt, where having been placed in a glazed pot, you will leave it for three days, then expose it to the sun for three days after which you will attach to it a fine cord of linen spun by a young girl and holding it in one hand, with the other you will fleece it with a curved flensing knife 2 of the Art, while saying these words: "Onay, Suffon, Laigion, by the power of the Master of all things, may this Parchment be made suitable for all Operations which I would want to use it for." Then rub it with lime,3 this having been done, leave it in the air for 8 days and after this, you may use it. As I have already said that for all these preparations, he who does them should be pure. You may also make Parchment out of satin, silk or linen cloth, having said over them however, after having sprinkled them with exorcised water, the [same] consecrated words for the said Workings .

•

J •• . 'f,.~An40 .

In past centuries, especially in the French farming countryside, this would have been seen as a matter of course, rather than something totally eschewed by modem squeamish city dwellers. 2 Le Coutelas. 3 Quicklime to eat away the remains of the flesh and fur. I

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CHAPITRE XVI. - J ' ______________ __________________

~,.

..,

...

De l a eire - Vierge . [p.72]

- H'''SJi!'-• Chapter 16 Concerning Virgin Wax

We have a need of wax in all the Magical Arts. The Master of the Art should take himself to a place where there are honeybees, and being near to the place where there are some, remain at a distance of 20 paces and let him, with the staff of the Art, trace the following characters on the ground

and then let him approach without fear and seize the wax for himself, while reciting this conjuration: "Extabor, Nestabor, Sitacibor, Adonay, Antazozamoni, Caonny, Cacay, Papiredao, Almai, Proferes, Mecconi; Angels of God, come to my aid and do not permit me to put to the test the sting of these animals who defend this wax, of which I have need in order to perform my workings." Having taken it, let him return and having exorcised it, let him put it in a pot of new earthenware so that he may use it as need be. Let him cork the pot with a piece of parchment upon which he will have traced the character below with the blood of a kid goat; and let the Master of the Art make a hole in his cellar and place it there, and let it rest there for 24 hours, and having filled the hole, let him recite the following Psalm before retiring: [po 73] God of Israel, etc. My God, how many times, etc.

~~-.... 355

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, xvn.

C HAPITRE

~~============~~~============~J L

•

Du. Drap de Soye. _ ..... f.~.~ -iiiiiWa

Chapter 17 Concerning the Silken Cloth

When the Master of the Art takes himself to some place with his Disciples, let him take all the instruments that are necessary with him for the Workings and let him wrap them in a silken cloth. This cloth must be white in colour. If this is not part of the workings, or the subject concerns evoking the Dead, then the cloth may be black in colour, or the colour of ashes. Whichever one you use, you should write [on it], however the following characters:

* IH+~$J $ ~

)

a~12,,"1, ~

1¥H e ftl

Before carrying on further, let him infuse it with a sweet smelling scent and kneeling reciting the following conjuration with his disciples: Adonay, Amosiath, Amarathon, Ensopen, Penmaton, Larnecheva, Catebsierop, Corbas. And all you [po 74] Celestial Intelligences, guard me and preserve me from evil Spirits, who could disturb the working which I am going to undertake with the aid of the Most High, whose most Holy Name is Adonay, Adonay." U

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, ",. Dee

Saeri6cq aux. 'Bspau .

"~" [Chapter 18] Final Chapter Concerning Sacrifices to the Spirits 1 In many Arts and Magical Workings, you may offer Sacrifices to the Spirits if you wish to favourably supplicate them. Generally, this [practice] concerns young virginal animals. Sometimes though, it is enough to offer them [the Spirits] just their blood, which you pour in libation onto the fire of the Art with the requisite preparations. 2 This fire must be in accordance with nature of the Spirits being invoked. To those of Saturn, you must make the fire with wood from boxwood or oak; To those of Jupiter or Mars, with wood from laurel trees; To those of Venus, with wood from hazelnut trees; To Mercury, with [wood from] hazel trees; To the Moon with [wood from] willow trees. [po75] I have finished our Key, which if you imprint well upon your memory, you will be able to perform all the Workings which you desire and come to complete all the Magical Experiments.

Hereafter we will examine the different Talismans according to the different Planets and that will be the end of our First Key.

I According to Zosimus, it was Membres who handed down the details of such sacrifices to Solomon. 2 It should be remembered that before the destruction of the Temple of Solomon in 70 CE, ritual sacrifice was an integral part of Jewish worship. Indeed King Solomon is said to have first consecrated his Temple in Jerusalem with the sacrifice of uncounted animals and birds (1 Kings 8:5). Of course sacrifice was common throughout the ancient pagan world up to 363 CE (the death of Julian the Apostate, the last pagan Emperor) and beyond.

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Characters that must be engraved on the box which contains the Talismans of the Planets.

358

Supplementary Chapters of this Book which appear in other manuscripts

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The Veritable Key of Solomon

Chapter 19 Concerning the Needle and other Iron Instruments 1

There are several steel instruments necessary in various Operations, as a Needle to prick or to sew; a Burin, or instrument wherewith to engrave, etc. Thou shalt make such instruments in the day and hour of Jupiter, and when it is finished thou shalt say:- 2 "I conjure thee, 0 Instrument of Steel, by God the Father Almighty, by the Virtue of the Heavens, of the Stars, and of the Angels who preside over them; by the virtue of stones, herbs, and animals; by the virtue of hail, snow, and wind; that thou receivest such virtue that thou mayest obtain without deceit the end which I desire in all things wherein I shall use thee; through God the Creator of the Ages, and Emperor of the Angels. Amen." Afterwards repeat Psalms iii; ix; xxxi; xlii; Ix; Ii; cxxx. 3 Perfume it with the perfumes of the Art, and sprinkle it with exorcised water, wrap it in silk and say:"Dani, Zumech, AgaImaturod, Gadiel, Pani, Caneloas, Merod, Gamidoi, Baldoi, Metrator,4 Angels most holy, be present for a guard unto this instrument."

I Mathers (1909), Book II, Chapter XIX. This Chapter also appears in a slightly different form in Aubrey MS 24, Additional MS 10862, Sloane MS 3091 , Kings MS 288, Lansdowne MS 1202, Michael MS 276, and Additional MS 36674. 2 An alternative version of this is: "In many experiments it is necessary to use certain tools, such as a needle for sewing or pricking, or other needs. It should be prepared starting on the day and hour of Jupiter, making the needle, or other instrument, and not finished in that hour, but in the day and hour of Venus [or Mercury]. And afterwards when finished, say over it this conjuration." 3 Note that the Psalm numbers are those of the King James version. Joseph Peterson points out that Mathers and Lansdowne MS 1202 mis-identify Psalm 7 as Psalm 30, because it begins with similar words. Sloane MS 3847 adds Psalms 10, 15, 17, 18, 22, and 39. 4 These names are probably irretrievably mangled, although the last is probably Metratron. Joseph Peterson lists alternative readings from other manuscripts but these do not shed much more light.

360

Chapter 20 Concerning Characters, and the Consecration of the Magical Book 1 Whensoever in any Operation it is necessary to write Characters, and thou fearest that thou wilt fail, do this, with the quill pen of the Art and a scarlet or cinnabar color: 2 Write at the beginning the Name Eheieh Asher Eheieh M~MN 'WN M~MN, and at the end the Name Ain Soph C)'O '~N; between these Names write what thou wishest, and if thou hast anything especial to do bear the said written Names upon the wrapper in silk, and thou shalt say over them:"Most Wise and Most High Creator of all things, I pray Thee for Thy grace 3 and mercy that Thou mayest grant such virtue and power unto these Holy Names, that Thou mayest keep these characters from all deceit and error, through Thee, 0 Most Holy Adonai. Amen." After having repeated this thou shalt write the requisite Characters, and thou shalt not fait but shalt attain thy desired end.

The Consecration Of The Book 4 Make a small Book containing the Prayers for all the Operations, the Names of the Angels in the form of Litanies, their Seals and Characters; the which being done thou shalt consecrate the same unto God and unto the pure Spirits in the manner following: Thou shalt set in the destined place a small table covered with a white cloth, whereon thou shalt lay the Book opened at the Great Pentacle which should be drawn on the first leaf of the said Book; and having kindled a lamp which should be suspended above the centre of the table, thou shalt surround the said table with a white curtain; clothe thyself in the proper vestments, and holding the Book open, repeat upon thy knees the following prayer with great humility:5 After which thou shalt incense it with the incense proper to the Planet and the day, and thou shalt replace the Book on the aforesaid Table, taking heed that Mathers (1909), Book II, Chapter XXI. Mathers omits the previous phrase, although it is found in all the major manuscripts. 3 Probably ' piety' is a more literal translation. 4 The rest of this chapter is from Lansdowne MS 1203. 5 For the Prayer beginning ' Adonai Elohim' , see Book 1, Chapter 21 in the present volume, where it is given in full. I

361

The Veritable Key of Solomon the fire of the lamp be kept up continually during the operation, and keeping the curtains closed. Repeat the same ceremony for seven days, beginning with Saturday, and perfuming the Book each day with the Incense proper to the Planet ruling the day and hour, and taking heed that the lamp shall burn both day and night; after the which thou shalt shut up the Book in a small drawer under the table, made expressly for it, until thou shalt have occasion to use it; and every time that thou wishest to use it, clothe thyself with thy vestments, kindle the lamp, and repeat upon thy knees the aforesaid prayer, ' Adonai Elohim,' etc. It is necessary also, in the Consecration of the Book, to summon all the Angels

whose Names are written therein in the form of Litanies, the which thou shalt do with devotion; and even if the Angels and Spirits appear not in the Consecration of the Book, be not thou astonished thereat, seeing that they are of a pure nature, and consequently have much difficulty in familiarising themselves with men who are inconstant and impure, but the Ceremonies and Characters being correctly carried out devotedly and with perseverance, they will be constrained to come, and it will at length happen that at thy first invocation thou wilt be able to see and communicate with them. But I advise thee to undertake nothing unclean or impure, for then thy importunity, far from attracting them, will only serve to chase them from thee; and it will be thereafter exceedingly difficult for thee to attract them for use for pure ends.

362

Chapter 21 How the Circle be made and how to Enter it Of the Formation of the Circle 1

Having chosen a place for preparing and constructing the Circle, and all things necessary being prepared for the perfection of the Operations, take thou the Sickle or Scimitar of Art and stick it into the centre of the place where the Circle is to be made; then take a cord of nine feet in length, fasten one end thereof unto the Sickle and with the other end trace out the circumference of the Circle, which may be marked either with the Sword or with the Knife with the Black hilt. Then within the Circle mark out four regions, namely, towards the East, West, South, and North, wherein place Symbols; and beyond the limits of this Circle describe with the Consecrated Knife or Sword another Circle, but leaving an open space therein towards the North whereby thou mayest enter and depart beyond the Circle of Art. Beyond this again thou shalt describe another Circle at a foot distance with the aforesaid Instrument, yet ever leaving therein an open space for entrance and egress corresponding to the open space already left in the other. Beyond this again make another Circle at another foot distance, and beyond these two Circles, which are beyond the Circle of Art yet upon the same Centre, thou shalt describe Pentagrams with the Symbols and Names of the Creator therein so that they may surround the Circle already described. Without [outside] these Circles shalt thou circ*mscribe a Square, and beyond that another Square, so that the Angles of the former may touch the centres of the sides of the latter, and that the Angles of the latter may stretch towards the four quarters of the Universe, East, West, North, and South; and at the four Angles of each square, and touching them, thou shalt describe lesser Circles wherein let there be placed standing censers with lighted charcoal and sweet odours. These things being done, let the Magus of Art2 assemble his Disciples, exhort, confirm, and cheer them; lead them into the Circle of Art and station them therein towards the Four Quarters of the Universe, exhort them to fear nothing, and to abide in their assigned places. Furthermore, let each of the Companions have a Sword besides the [Master's] Sword of the Art, which he must hold naked in his hand. Then let the Magus quit the Circle, and Kindle the Censers, and place thereon exorcised Incense, as is said in the chapter of Fumigations ; and let him have the Censer in his hand and kindle it, and then

1 2

Mathers (1909), Book II, Chapter IX, is from Additional MS 10862. See Figure 9 and 11. 'Maghus' in manuscript, not 'Magister.'

363

The Veritable Key of Solomon place it in the part prepared. Let him now enter within the Circle and carefully close the openings left in the same, and let him again warn his Disciples, and take the Trumpet of Art prepared as is said in the chapter concerning the same, and let him incense the Circle towards the Four Quarters of the Universe. After this let the Magus commence his Incantations, having placed the Sickle, Sword, or other Implement of Art upright in the ground at his feet. Having sounded the trumpet as before taught let him invoke the Spirits, and if need be conjure them, as is said in the First Book, and having attained his desired effect, let him license them to depart. Here followeth the Form of the Circle, wherein whosoever entereth he shall be at safety as within a fortified Castle, and nothing shall be able to harm him.

Figure 10: The Magic Circle according to Mathers.1

Mathers (1909), Plate XIV, Figure 81.

364

Chapter 22 Concerning the Precepts of the Art 1 He who hath attained the rank or degree of Exorcist, which we are usually accustomed to call Magus or Master according to grade, whensoever he desireth to undertake any operation, for the nine days immediately preceding the commencement of the work, should put aside from him all uncleanness, and prepare himself in secret during these days, and prepare all the things necessary, and in the space of these days all these should be made, consecrated, and exorcised. The which being duly completed, let him go on the day and hour of the commencement of the work, unto the place set apart for the same, as hath been said, in the place concerning the formation of the Circle. Let him instruct his Disciples on no cause whatsoever to move from their assigned places. And the Magus should exhort them with a bold and confident voice as follows:-

The Exhortation of the Companions "Fear ye not, my beloved Companions, seeing that we draw near unto the desired end; therefore, all things being rightly done and the Conjurations and Exorcisms diligently performed, ye shall behold Kings of Kings, and Emperors of Emperors, and other Kings, Princes, and Majesties with them, and a great crowd of followers, together with all sorts of musical instruments, yet nothing should either the Magus or his Disciples fear." And then let the Magus say:"I exhort you by these Holy Names of God, Elohim, Adonai, Agla, that none of you now presume to move or cross over from your appointed stations." This being said, let the Magus and his Disciples uncover the Holy Pentacles and show them towards each quarter, and they being shown in each place, there shall be noises and rushings. Then shall the Emperor of (the Spirits) say unto you:- "From the time of the Great Addus until now, there hath not been an Exorciser who could behold my person, and unless those things 2 which ye have showed unto us had been

Mathers (1909), Book II, Chapter XIII. This Chapter is found in MS Additional 10862. The Pentacles.

365

The Veritable Key of Solomon made, ye would not now have seen me. But seeing that ye have powerfully called us, as I believe, by the rites derived from Solomon, and which but few of your comrades, or Exorcisers, possess, also they compel us against our will, and I therefore say unto thee that we wish to be obedient in all matters." Then shall the Magus place the petitions of himself and his companions, which should be written down clearly on virgin card, or paper, beyond the Circle towards the King or Prince of the Spirits, and he will receive it and take counsel with his Chiefs. After this he will return the Card, saying:"That which thou desirest is accomplished, be thy will performed, and all thy demands fulfilled."

366

Chapter 23 Of the Work of Images and Astronomy Concerning Astrological Images 1 Let no man marvel of this chapter for all the science of this Book is contained here and therefore did he adopt this title of the Images of Astrology which are innumerable, for it seemed impossible to collect this science into one book. First you must consider that no experiment whether he be small or great can be made and therefore the makers of arts and experiments that know not this Book can never come to effect of any thing. Therefore it seemed as a work of Images to read this work but he must read from the beginning to the ending if you will bring any experiment to effect. Therefore I desire him that shall have this work, that he deliver it to no man, for the more he read in arts and experiments the less he shall know, if he keep flOt this holy work with a pure heart if you will be perfect in this science. First you must exercise in the beginning of the Operation of this work, on Mercury's day and in his hour in the augmenting [waxing] of the moon. Prepare artanus such as we spoke of before, in the chapters of knives, and prepare artanus and tarry for the day of Mercury and his hour in the augmenting of the moon, and prepare water and Hyssop so as we have said. And that in any day of Mercury and his hour in the augmenting of the moon, prepare for the silk cloth as it is said. All this prepared, any chapter of this book that you will make, look for Mercury's day and his hour in the augmenting of the moon and in that hour make all things ready that is contained in that chapter. And when you will consecrate any thing, of any other chapter, let it be in a secret place as it is said above of places, and that hour have pots prepared with coals and spices conjured, and candles conjured making a fumigation and have lights, and water and Hyssop prepared, and when you will consecrate [an item from] any chapter, when it is consecrated put it up in such a cloth as we have said, and so of every chapter, and when all things be collected consecrated and prepared, then put them all in a silk cloth, and cause nine masses to be said over them. Then you must look for the day and the hour wherein you must begin and end, and that shall be necessary in this Art, you shall take them without the cloth, without any solemnity, and when you have wrought, put them in the cloth and so of all other arts. And therefore if this chapter is briefly comprehended all the Science of this book, and in it is the beginning and ending of the Clavicle of Salomon, wherefore you must keep this book secret. I

From Additional MS 36674 with the spelling modernised.

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The Veritable Key of Solomon

Chapter 24 The Blessing of the Salt 1

Afterward take salt and bless it after this sort: "I bless thee in the name of the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost. Amen. The blessing of God the Almighty Father be upon thee and all goodness enter into thee wherefore I bless thee and sanctify thee that thou help all this present. II

And this done say "Benediciti Omnia Opera Domino." Afterwards take the sweet odours consecrated and throw them into the Bath and wash thee and being in the Bath say Amane, Mameto, Inzaron, Poltibon, Amagno, Lameton, Caron, Sutron, Gardon, Non, Mameraon, Tameraton, Fabron, Sanon, Nazmon, Stilon, Funcon." II

This said say this Psalm 2 "Benediciti Omnia Opera Domnini" and wash thee saying "In the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost Amen." Which done go out of the Bath and put on thine Linen clothing as shall be said of clothing. And let his followers do after the same sort.

End of the Supplementary Chapters Of the Second Book

From Sloane MS 3645. This is not actually a Psalm but a Canticle added to Daniel 3 :57 .

368

KEY 3

Universal Treatise Family Traite Universal des Clavicules de Salomon Wellcome MS 4669 Art. 2 1796

Universal Treatise of the Keys of Solomon1

1 This version of the Key of Solomon is similar to that of Lansdowne MS 1202 Livre Troisieme, and is effectively a precursor of the Grimorium Verum. That grimoire owes much of its contents to the Key of Solomon. In fact the first publication of the Grimorium Verum occurred in 1817 (although it bore the spurious publication date of 1517), just two decades after the completion of this manuscript. See Peterson Grimorium Verum (2007), pages 79-87 for more details of how this version of the Key was incorporated into the Grimorium Verum.

370

T RA .I T

UN IVERSEL DES

CLAVICULES DB

SALO'MO'N. LIVRE

P.R.B14IBRI.

[p.77]

371

The Veritable Key of Solomon

FIRST BOOK Before you can be successful with the rituals that follow on from here, you should draw the following figures, written on virgin parchment with your blood or with the blood of a male sea turtle,

Put the first letter of your name in the [semi-] circle A and the first letter of your surname in the semi-circle B. And then, in order to get the best results, engrave these figures on a piece of Emerald, Ruby or a piece of red Marble, or even on a piece of Heliotrope, which is a stone that has a great rapport with Solar Spirits, [po 78] and especially with those that are gentler than the others. If a woman is to perform the Operation, then she should carry the stone in her left pocket or between her breasts. A man should write this diagram during the day of Mars. A woman can engrave it on all other days.

372

Concerning Spirits and Their Power

The Superior Spirit is the Prince called Lucifer, after whom comes Belzebut.1 The Inferior Spirits, who are subject to Lucifer live in Europe and Asia. 2 Those who depend upon Belzebut live in the Americas: Lucifer and Belzebut have two leaders beneath them who command their subjects, and to whom all power is attributed and who direct everything that happens in the entire world. They appear to their subjects in the form of a horse, serpent or a goat, and they appear to their leaders with their usual true appearance. 3

LuciS,r

~en BtU,"!'"

'Jf'

et. en

Asie.

ete§l:or When you wish to gain something from them, first of all you must have their characters ready at hand and if you forget [po 79] to do so, you risk annoying them. Lucifer has Sirachi and Satanachi under him: There are their characters: Sirachi

-X

Sathanachi.

c:!:J

The [chief] Spirits under Beelzebut are Agaterop and Hymateh:

Here are their characters: Agaterop

Hymaeth

~ ~ or 4

The Leaders of Elector [Elestor] 5 are: Stephanuta and Resbiroth: whose characters are: Stephanuta

Resbiroth.

I Beelzebub, a Hebraic pun on Beelzeboul or Ba'al-zebub, the Philistine god of the Heavens. Said by the Pharisees to be the demon used by Jesus to effect his miracles (see Matthew 12:24-29). 2 This attribution of the major demons to continents comes originally from their attribution to the four Cardinal directions in Greek versions of the Key: Lucifer to the East (Asia and Europe); Beelzebub to the South (Africa); Ashtoreth to the West (America); and Asmodai to the North. These directions are often scrambled in later grimoires like the Grimorium verum. 3 The left hand sigil of Lucifer belongs to Europe and the right hand to his functions in Asia. 4 An additional marginal insertion by a later hand. Hymateh also spelled Hymaeth in the MS. 5 ElestorlElector is not mentioned again except in the illustration above. However the Alibeck edition of the Grimorium Verum identifies Elestor with Ashtaroth (attributed to America).

373

The Veritable Key of Solomon [Spirits Ruled over by Duke Syrach] There are most certainly other major Spirits apart from the ones we have just mentioned and who have Syrachi as their Leader) Their names and their characters are in accordance with their powers. Elanthil, or Chauntha has power over all riches, which he can give and take away. This is his character

Rosochim, or Roschim gives and takes away the ability to know what is

happening in the affairs of the State: /

or even

Beschard has power over the winds, ice, thunderbolts, hail, snow, rainfalls of toads and other kinds of seasonal bad weather.

Here is his character:

[po 80] Frimolh has power over everything concerning love. He stirs up and inhibits passion, and he can extinguish or increase love in a young girl, and can cause a woman to miscarry. The following diagram is his character,

which is drawn in this way:

Mertiel or Jeurtiel will transport you to wherever you want in an instant. His character is as follows:

Oil

Syrumel or Slittareth will make audiences feel as he wills them to, by day or

by evening. Here is his character:

-W-

Syrechael will offer other things to you. He rules over weapons of fire. His character is as follows:

Or Sirachi. See Skinner Complete Magician 's Tables (2006), Table M69.

374

Stepoth will let you see the farthest reaches [of the Earth] or he will take you to them. Here is his character:

Fegol will let you see horrible monsters and chimeras.

Here is his character: Stumet will meddle with Scripture and here is his character as follows:

ft~ V .& or

[po 81] Frastiel or Feultiel will bring you any manner of death that you wish.

His character is as follows:

Caloneti causes and heals all manner of illnesses, even venereal. Here is his

character:

Surgatha has the power to open all locked objects. His character is written in

this way:

cI5

Menail renders you invisible. Here is his character:

cl*tia prepares sumptuous banquets, exquisite dishes and delicious wines. His character is:

4\""::=-...1.

tf,/

[Spirits Ruled over by Satanachi] There are forty-four demons under the direction of Satanachi and the four principal ones are Surgunth, Kramaeel, Suffuriel and Irmasial.1

Spelled Surgunt, Kramael, Suffugidel and Irmasdal in the illustration.

375

The Veritable Key of Solomon Here are their characters: Surgunt

Kramael

Suffugidel

Irmasdal

.J4A-

Later on in this chapter, we will see the conjurations and the way we can command not just the Spirits [po 82] we have just been talking about, but also the Spirits whose characteristics we will discuss in due course. There are also millions of other Spirits, the names of whom there is no information and still there are others, whom we cannot utilise. Since whoever has acquired the ability to command the Leaders, can also easily make the Leaders' subordinates obey him. Even so, [without this] it is impossible to make just one single Spirit come. We will simply mention the names of a few other Principal Spirits who are in command of the others. Dagoteraptar and Eliogaphatel have authority in underground places, where treasures under the charge of Resbiroth lay. In principle, there is also Hacel

and Sergulas, whose character can be

~ or even @iJ9.

Hacel teaches how to write all manner of letters and to speak all kinds of languages, how to uncover secretly written letters and to work out what they

mean. His character is as follows:

or even

.!lJ.

There are other Spirits of Air and of Fire, who have no importance for our Workings. [p.83]

376

[Making the Wand] In order to [now] carry out the Key of the Work, as far as the wand is concerned, it needs to be made of hazel wood, cut when the Sun enters into Gemini on the day and at the hour of Saturn and when the Moon is waxing. Before going to the woods to cut the wood, you should fast for three days.

f1 II

Then you need to engrave it with these characters j. on both ends. When you want to perform your Operations, hold it in your left hand and when you don't need to use it, wrap it in a cloth of black silk or black wool. It needs to be two foot in length.1 Make sure that you do not talk to anybody at all on the day that you cut the wood and in addition, it should be cut into a triangular shape as illustrated below:

Here are the names, which you will have to put on each side of the triangle [edge], and you will need to write it with some blood from the Finger of Saturn. First Angle [edge]

w:r

Premi.l?re An.g~e.

?{. 2>- ¢ -~.

!J. 3

Second Angle [edge]

w:r

7-.

Deuxi~ll1eAngle .

s· ~-

X·

r·

3·

1--

Third Angle [edge]

V-

Troi Si~l1U~ Angle.

5· 1-. 'C. X· fv·

~. ~

The wand needs to be wrapped in a piece of black cloth, as I have already stated and when you wish to use it, hold it in the air, naming the Spirits which you are conjuring up and then place it [po 84] on the Circles, Characters, or Talismans. I

Deux pieds.

377

The Veritable Key of Solomon

[Sundry Expriments] To Make it Rain Take some brine and place it in a circle, marked on the ground in the manner which has already been explained in the chapter concerning Circles. Place the heliotrope stone against the right side of the staff, having written the symbols of Becard on the left-hand side and the symbols of Eliogaphatel in the middle and holding it against the Staff, recite these words: "Eliogaphatel, Heaven is composed of clouds, dissolve now into water." When you have spoken these words, rain will fall in abundance. To make the brine, take some river water and place a little salt with some mud into it: boil it for a quarter of an hour over a fire and throw a little piece of pumice stone into it, and then it should be ready for use.

To Make it Snow Do as above, using the prescribed brine but instead of the symbols of Eliogaphatel, use those relating to Lucifer.

To Open all Locked Things Take a magnetised stone and make a Cross [po 85] of Saint Andrew on it. Place it over the Magic Wand and mark out a circle with it, and within the circle trace a square. In each of the corners of the square, place the symbols for Surgath and around the Circle, place four branches of Honesty herb,l and say these words in a low voice, holding the stone piously in your hands: "Reschath, Surgath, Menail, Resmichal, Regardamor & Chirmuth." Then, cover the whole lot with lead filings, and if you carry the magnetised stone with you or hold it before you, or if you place it on locked objects, they will all immediately open up.

To Have As Many Pieces of Gold as You Wish In order to have as many pieces of gold as you wish, make as many round circles of prepared parchment paper as mentioned below. Stick them together and on each side, write how much money you wish to have. Then cast a Circle and inscribe the symbols of Claunth on them. Then, holding your I

D'herbe Lunaire.

378

wand, lift all the pieces of parchment paper up in the air and recite these words by the keyhole of the door to your room: "Claunt, la Febam, Sigluth, Temterans, Tagam, Serraux, Christhren, Elibanoth, Nerhin, Iretrem." Say them at night and then go to sleep for an hour without thinking [po86] about silver or gold, and in place of the parchment paper, you will have money of great value.

To Hear Pleasant Music Place the symbol of Elepoth or Kepoth into a Circle and recite these twelve following words: " Adar, Elepoth, Cheluth, Migareth, Cubot, Sylma, Sirath, Femechel, Rottomaron, Surcollen, Agra, Seron." And immediately you should hear one of the loveliest pieces of music .

•

C:r-FINIT LE "PRBMIBR LIVRll DES C CLAVrCtJLBS 1)S ·

8ALOMO:tl.

. ~

'~ ~.

Here Ends the First Book of the Keys of Solomon

379

The Veritable Key of Solomon

LIVRE

SEC 0

DES

CLAVICULES DE

SALOMON.

11111B L

FA UJ:;" a·vcuu:- d2 rwn conunou.er:J zizvoqlll.!T' . le N om- alL SBIG NBUR J de qui to11.leS dw-

-..............-.;1-.. ses c~leStes J 0lL. terre911"es) dependm.t:, et: 111.1 iRs

Espria bons

eL tnaUlIais

honoreru:-;

[p.87]

Second Book of the Keys of Solomon Before beginning anything, you need to invoke the name of the Lord, on whom all things, Celestial or Earthly, depend and whom the Spirits, good and evil, honour. In order to possess this knowledge, you need to fear God, to be pure of heart, to be of good repute1 and not yield to the sensual pleasures of the flesh.

Literally good in other people' s mouths.

380

Each one of these Arts depends on Celestial Intelligences,l which after God, cause the whole World to move. But most of all, do not invoke the Inferior Spirits, if you have not already conjured the Superior Ones beforehand, who are as many in number as there are the [nine] Heavens and [four] Elements, numbering thirteen [in all] . [po 88]

[The Thirteen Superior Intelligences]

Oriphiel has under him 10,000 Spirits ..................................... 10,000 Firmamentum...... .............................................................. ...................... 9,800 3 Magriel. ..................................................................................................... 9,100 Uriel. .................................................................................. ........................ 5,000 Pamachiel. ........................... ........................................ .............................. 4,040 Pomeriel. ............................................................................. ...................... 3,100 Sabriel. ..... ................................................................................................. 2,000 Necariel. .......................... ......................................................... ............... . 1,500 Charariel. . . . . .............................................................................................. 500 Ponteriel or Pentacriel [or Panteriel] .................................................... . 200 Araton ... .. ... ..... .................. .... .... ... ... ... .. ....... ... ................... 150 Agiaton.... .. .......... ... .. .... ....... .. .. .. .. ..... .. ........ ..... .................. 130 Begud.... ..... .......... .. .......... ................. ........ ........... ... .. .. .... .. 105 Tainor or Tainet.. ...... ... ....... ......... ... .. ... ... .. ................... .... .. .. 100 The other Spirits, good as well as evil depend on these Intelligences and they are ready to obey the commandments of their Superiors, and have no other name other than the Amalthei'. I

'Intelligence' was often used as a synonym for angel. The sigils of these 13 Spirits are to be found in the Fourth Book of this Key. 3 Not the name of a spirit, but maybe originally an indication that Orphiel was above the Firmament. 1

381

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Concerning the Virtues of the Thirteen Superior Intelligences

Orifiel [or Oriphiel] is the closest to the abode of God and he is the Prince of all the others. He possesses divine knowledge, that is to say, Theology, [po 89] Metaphysics, and Prophesy, and can cause you to be transported in an instant from one place to another. He can make you invisible; he teaches things from times past and from times to come. He teaches those who conjure him through his inferior Spirits. Magriel bestows the Art of divination, teaches disputation, uncovers secrets of the heart, puts people in their place, educates others, and also gives knowledge of the Stars. Uriel teaches geometry and perspective and he instils knowledge, and uses this to bestow people with intelligence in an instant; he makes people studious, virtuous and pleasant. He has the power to give people the lightness of the birds in order to fly in the air, and he bestows invisibility. Pamachiel gives the power to interpret dreams, and teaches the properties of animals, which he commands. He makes people see monsters, and gives life and death, rules over hunting and fishing and transforms people into pigs, dogs and bulls, etc. Pomeriel makes people courageous, creates warriors, making them invincible and invulnerable, and uncovers the secrets of the enemy for them, causing them to attack profitable cities, and allows them to discover their weak spots and to enter into them. Sabriel experiments with chemistry and with the transmutation of metals, he draws the dead from their graves, stops the [po 90] course of the sun, provokes meteor showers and prolongs the life of men. Necariel teaches grammar, logic, medicine and all the liberal arts, as well as the properties of unknown herbs, and passes admirable qualities on to the plants, makes men healthy, changes old-age into youth and gives iife and death. Charariel gives the means to make oneself loved by others, makes men attractive to women, so that with one look, women become enflamed with passion for them; he inspires the modesty and virtue which women should demonstrate towards their husbands; he gives and takes away sexual prowess, beautiful facial lines, beauty, and excites and extinguishes love. Panteriel deals with the Circulatory Art,1 gets involved with commerce on the I

L' Art Circulatoire.

382

land as well as on the sea; he rules over games of chance, sets prisoners free and prevents sailors from drowning during storms.

[Araton] Agiaton deals with the Art of Divination from the flight of birds and from the movement of the waters; teaches the properties of fish and uncovers treasures hidden in the sea. Begud inspects all matters of the waters, hindering all sailing vessels or allowing them to set sail, quietens or stirs up storms, and becomes involved with sea battles. He also rules over rivers, brooks and lakes.

Tainor teaches agriculture, makes the fields fertile and destroys harvests. He also rules over the vines, gives good [po 91] wines or makes the juice of the grape to flow away. From the above, you can see what you can expect from each of the Intelligences and for what purposes each are good for. You can therefore conjure each one of them for things correlating to things they rule over. Above all, do not forget to ask each one what he is skilled at, without demanding any skill which belongs to another, and [make sure to] perform everything that has been outlined in the chapters concerning Conjurations so you can be sure to obtain what you ask for, provided that you have prepared yourself properly and that you have the required qualities. Above all, consider that the purity of the body and spirit is a necessary requirement for reaching your every goal.

FIN Du 2I~ LIVRE., DES

CLAVICULES DB

S"alo1nol1.

End of the 2nd Book of the Keys of Solomon

383

The Veritable Key of Solomon

LIVRE T RO '! S IEME .:> DE ,

C .L AVICULE D ·E

SALOMON.· c.. - V .., La )

OUR jouir de taus .ces Esp"~ 'et' p:oauire 1u vertus qui · saM al:I:achJes .

se serVei'Ll: c1e

a. chacun./, Us tiIagp-9 .

plusieurs 1,z§b·u llU!ltU:J S A·Y0l.&,

[p. 93]

Third Book of the Key of Solomon In order to benefit from all these Spirits and gain the characteristics attributed to each of them, Magicians make use of several instruments. For instance, there is the Circle, the Pentacle, the Sword, Exorcised Water, Incense or Perfumes, Blood, Ink, Virgin Parchment, the Time and the Place, Invocations and Conjurations of Spirits. And we will deal with all of these things in ten chapters, without which, you would not be able to understand and perform any Operation, nor would you be able undertake anything at all found within this Treatise. Despite the fact that it has been divided into four Books or Sections, it is nevertheless a complete Book, from which nothing can be removed.

...~.....

384

CHAPITRE

Du Cercle . > [p.94]

First Chapter Concerning the Circle When you come to perform your Operation, at your chosen location, draw a circle within a square into which you can fit comfortably with another person. Divide the circle and square into four equal quarters corresponding to the four quarters of the world. For the rest, see the following figure to make sure you conform to it. Before entering into the Circle, sprinkle it with exorcised water and recite the following prayer along with your companions.

Prayer

"Conditor coeli & terree, qui per tua Sacro Sancta mysteria servis tuis, ut miracula abstrahent quando opus. Vel exaudi nunc preces famuli tui & promissionem tuam conserva omnemque que malignum spiritum ab hoc circulo repelle, sitque mihi queeso propagnaculum et preesidium ab amni immunda Creatura, sitque tibi laus honor & Gloria; Per omnia seecula seculorum. 1/1 Then you should cast the Circle, without which any Operation you perform would be ineffective.

I Maker of heaven and earth who through your Sacrosanct mysteries for your servants, so that they divert miracles when there is need. If you will, hear now the prayers of your servant and keep your promise and repel every wicked spirit from this circle, and be, I beseech, a bulwark and defence against all impure creatures, and let there be praise, honour and glory to you; for ever and ever.

385

The Veritable Key of Solomon

[po 95] When we mentioned the Circle in the Magical Arts, we are referring to the Circle of Solomon and not to the other common Circles because it is only within this Pentacle that you can find the Most Holy and Most High Names of the Lord Adonay and AGLA.

386

- - - - - -e B A l!I !CaB n. I t .· 1 sl

Do. Pema~. •

W"",

•I

Chapter II Concerning the Pentacle

The Pentacle is the principle instrument of the Art because without it, you cannot perform any Operation. All power and virtue are contained in it. It is through this that all the Spirits, good or evil are forced to obey and to come when the person performing the Operation commands them. Take notice that for everyone of the Spirits you can invoke, the Pentacle always remains the same, large or small and in accordance of the characteristics of the Spirit you are invoking. However, it is important to make sure that you put the Symbol of each respective Spirit in the Pentacle. This is how you should prepare the Pentacle. Take four different metals in equal parts and a glass full of Heliotrope juice and some Honesty herb, which you pour into the glass when the Sun enters Cancer. Pour all of this onto the fire, which you should exorcise in this manner: [po96] "I exorcise thee, Creature of Fire, by the Most High Names of Iskios and Iskivios, may every lowly Spirit flee from thee and may everything be done in accordance with the will of the Most High who lives and reigns through all the Ages." When you have said this, pour the aforementioned mixture into a mould sunken1 into sand and in the shape of an octagon, before sumise, and during periods of heat-waves,2 and when the Moon is full. This is how you should engrave the Pentacle and you need to recite these words ten times over as you do so: "Ancor, Magaras, Elaminio, Zaphalon, Tirchyps, Nabstah, Phaiel, Maphut, Mapsohad, Gemathon, Carbos, la Motha, Nachao." In the corners, you should write the name of the Intelligence you are using, as

Moule insable. Avant Ie lever du Solei!.

387

The Veritable Key of Solomon can be seen below: [for example] Orifiel.

[The standard Pentacle format] [p.97]

[But] if you want to obtain anything from Megriel [for example], you need to engrave Megriel in all the corners of the Pentacle. There are as many small Pentacles as there are Secrets of the Art and Science, which have been given to us by the Amathei Spirits, which are very useful symbols for your experiments and this is how to create them. Take a piece of virgin parchment on which you should draw the symbols illustrated in the Fourth Book of the Keys.

388

CHAPITRE i l l

Du Glaive. Chapter III Concerning the Sword

You should have a knife made of steel, three foot long and whose handle is made of crystal, marked with the symbols as shown below, written in the light of the Full Moon and with human blood. You should hold it in your left hand and when you have entered into the Circle, awaiting the arrival of the Spirits. Here is the shape of the Sword and the symbols, which you need to write on it:

:5 ::rt&N+8"~ 11

CHAPITRE

IV.

~~------------.\i------------_'

1'.E au - btfnite . Chapter IV

Concerning the Blessed Water

Take some blessed water, which Priests use, and [po 98] use it to sprinkle all necessary objects while saying: "Lord Adonay, help me in his my Working which I am about to begin. Make the Spirits which I call come to my aid and may they be ready [to obey] my commandments, all of which are for your glory, because you alone are everything and will be until the end of the Ages."

389

The Veritable Key of Solomon : £

C!lAPI~B.B

De ta ItOLe .: Chapter V Concerning the Robe This should be the kind of robe that a Pontiff or a Priest wears, and you should have all the ornaments they use with them. When you have blessed it, put it on while reciting this Prayer: "Larim Malchibe, Madius, Burchas, Erichais, Curniram, Salbail, Po meres, Gzabar devintay iteram gramin. Nauonia, Staphiel Baraum. Lagines Guiftui, Salugol, Damitais Magoli casu!. Eloha Joel Eloha."

I ea6 JlI!11 ll.

i rn'

Chapter VI Concerning the Fumigations or Perfumes 1 Make some perfumes from aloes, musk and balm. Put the whole lot together into a vase whose lid has been pierced. And when it is the right time, throw this mixture onto the fire while reciting the following Prayer:

"Domine malignos odio habui et legeni tuam dilexi suscipe me secundum eolquium tuum et non confundas me, adjuva me et salvus ero et meditabor in justificationibus tuis semper."2 Then keep these perfumed items for your use during your Operations.

I Fumigation and suffumigations refer to the burning of incense, not the destruction of pests. In Greek texts fumigations are referred to as (}U/kla/kaTa. 2 Lord, I have hated the unjust: and have loved thy law, Uphold me according to thy word, and let me not be confounded in my expectation, help me and I shall be saved and I will meditate always on thy justifications. [Psalm 118: 113, 116-117].

390

Q SAP HI! B.B

Tn.

t rrl

Du Saur & de l'EDa.

•

Chapter VII Concerning the Blood and Ink The blood you need to write with, needs to be from a brave man or from a girl who has a hot temperament, or it could even be from the animal kingdom; for instance, blood from a scorpion, a co*ckerel, a dog or from an owl, which you should store in a bronze container, ready for use in your Conjurations. For the work, it may be common [blood], but you should nevertheless take care to exorcise it before using it, as has been stated beforehand.

CBAl'lTU WI.

Chapter VIII Concerning the Virgin Parchment 1 Here is the preparation for the parchment that is called [po 100] 'Virgin Parchment' in the Art. Take the skin of a young kid goat that you have sacrificed with the Sword and when you have prepared it, let it then dry in the sun during the period of a full Moon. Then perfume it, place it in a box made from hazelnut wood, and keep it for use as the occasion dictates.

Carte, but here probably meaning parchment rather than 'card'.

391

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Do Lieu t. au Telli8 .

.......

Chapter IX

Concerning the Place and Time Choose a place far from all crowds and if at all possible, it should be high on some mountain and towards the North, or equally, you may choose a location in a forest. You could also choose an underground cavern provided that there is an opening at the Northern face. The most propitious time to carry out any magical Operation and invoke Spirits is during the morning before sunrise or even in the evening during sunset. There should be no clouds in the sky and the weather should be especially mild. Always make sure that you are facing towards the North) As you arrive at the location you have chosen, begin by making a fire, taking out your perfumes and throwing them onto it as has been discussed above. The Master should then order his companions [po 101] to recite a Prayer, which we have already mentioned.

Des·~· et

.tiont

an BIfclCl.

Chapter X Regarding Invocations and the Conjuration of Spirits After you have prepared everything that has been mentioned, and after you have fasted for seven days during which, you should have started to recite the prescribed prayers, take yourselves to the predetermined location with

This is different from the more usual instruction to face East.

392

your companions, making sure that you have supplied yourself with all the necessary things to be able to carry out your Operation. And when you have arrived there, cast the Circle and then after you have put on your robe, which we have mentioned, along with all the other necessary things you need, hold the Sword in your left hand and the Pentacle in your right. Then enter into the Circle with your head uncovered and when you in it, fall onto your knees along with your companions and recite the following prayer, in which you will find the 72 Sacred Names for the invocation of Spirits, given by God himself to those who have been initiated into the Mysteries.

Prayer "Vehu-iah, Ieli-El, Sita-El, Elem-Iah, Mahab-iah, Lela-El, Acha-iah, Bahet-El, Hazi-El, Alad-Jah, Lavi-ah, Aha-iah, Iejaz-el, Mabah-el, Hari-El, Hakam-iah, Leav-iah, [po 102] Cali-el, Levuiah, Ahaiah,l Nelchael, Pahaliah, Iejiel, Melahel, Hahviah, Nitahia, Haaiah, Ierathel, Sechiah, Rejiel, Omael, Lecabel, Vasariah, Jehuiah, Lehaiah, Chavakiah, Manad-El, Aniel, Haamiah, Rehael, Jejazel, Hahael, Michael, Vevaliah, Ielahiah, Saaliah, Ariel, Asaliah, Mihael, Vehuel, Daniel, Hahasiah, Iminamiah, Nauael, Nithael, Mebaiah, Pojiel, Nemamiah, Iejali-el, Hera-el, Mizrael, Umabel, Iahhel, Anavel, Mehiel, Damabiah, Menikel, Ejael, Habuiah, Roheel, Iabamiah, Hajaiel, Mumiah."2 When you have finished reciting this prayer with great humility and devotion, turned towards the North, you should invoke the Spirits or Intelligences, who make the Circle move,3 and then you should name what you principally wish to obtain and this is how you should proceed: "1 conjure you Intelligences of N, who govern the World through the Commandment of the Most High, by the Holy Names, which God has revealed to his Servants, to assist me in time of necessity, and thus do I invoke you and plead with you to send me your Amathey Servants,4 that they may carry our my desires. In your Name, prevent them from instilling terror in me and let them appear to me in beautiful human forms, or in that of a gentle or domestic animal." The words are struck out in the original text. Actually this prayer is a recital of the names of the 72 Shemhamaphorash angels. See Skinner & Rankine, Goetia of Dr Rudd, 2007 and Skinner (2006), Table A24. You can see that each angel ' s name is made from a stem, plus either -iah or --el. Yah n~ and EI ;tt are the archetypal Hebrew godnames. The stems come from three verses in Exodus 14:19-21. A few missing hyphens have been silently inserted, in the first half, but otherwise capitalisation, hyphenation and spelling are untouched. 3 Qui font mouvoir Ie Circle. 4 Amathei. I

393

The Veritable Key of Solomon [po 103] When you have recited this invocation, sacrifice a co*ckerel with the Sword, prepared in the name of the Intelligence you have invoked and throw it onto the fire. Exorcise and grind the remains to a powder and gather them up and mix it with water and drink the concoction along with your companions, while reciting the following words: "Gogmagog bibimus,

Gogmagog vincimus." When you have finished everything, hold the Sword in your left hand, the Pentacle in your right and turn towards the North and speak these words: "Hahial haih, who is not made in the image of God, we conjure you by the great and ineffable Name Tetragrammaton. And by your Princes of w hom you are but the Almat[h]ei [Spirits], to appear immediately and to obey us." Say the prayer and the Seventy Two Names for a second time and when you have spoken it, blow towards the four quarters of the World marked in the circle, but if you see nothing, recite the following Conjuration, which is quite potent: "Dcemon, I conjure you by the Name Adonay, by the name of Elohim, by the ineffable Name of On Sabaoth Saday" and finally by this prayer; "Ancor Ecomenin Cachio interam bichios Poliseps, Dossieanus Calastrici Becamen Agiani Tembial Bara Faralgah, Monfaras Belgut Falatim malmas Dacebeai acham ut apparatis mihi in pulchra & visibili forma. " 1 You should then hear loud noises and melodies made with [po104] different instruments such as the timbales, guitars, harps and clarions and you should see flames. Do not be afraid, because after these apparitions, the Spirits should take on the appearance of a human or domestic animals. Then present them the Pentacle while saying: "Behold your confusion, behold my Sword, be rebellious no more, but be obedient." You can now ask them what you wish and they should inform you of what you wish to know, or they will take you to wherever you want to go without ever abandoning you until you give them permission to leave. It is of utmost necessity to prepare the Circle well. It serves for your Operations as well as being a rampart and fortification of protection against evil Spirits. Up to now, we have taught you the path of the Sages, by which means you can do anything and obtain anything. May misfortune befall whoever uses these teachings for evil purposes. Once you have attracted the goodwill of the Spirits, you should live in honour, and nothing should be impossible for you.

So that you appear to me in a beautiful and visible form .

394

To crown our work, we are going to reveal the different Pentacles [in the next Book].1

PIli DB rut iU~ C L A VICULB

».

SALOIlOB •

•

End of the

IIIrd Key of Solomon

1 These

are not the pentacles usually associated with the Key of Solomon .

395

The Veritable Key of Solomon

_L I V R E QUATRIEMB D B S CLAVICULES DE SALOMON. Des

lWUS

on pita

resl:e

a,parl£r ihs Experiences

et commeflJ;

accr.ulL-ir i:DUte3 ChOS~9 par les cEjfifreulPs R-IL-

tei!leiCiLf tnc1es: . Noua

.6d5

E · x~Jriences,

comm.ellCerOnll

par lea Cara&res d'On-

~ouve11-~Z-VOU9 que WUG doivelll: ~lre foira selon nolr~ prr-

mi~' dir~ ') sm' Ulle Car~ -V,'el-gF. Pour acqU:l';r les

}/t!ritL d 'OrilieL, ilfoL~ I'0l'm' SUl~ SOlt

elv coeur h pnmur Pl!lzlztcl~ • SCZC'1l("{!S

[p.105]

Fourth Book of the Keys of Solomon

396

Concerning the Experiments It only remains for us to discuss the Experiments and how to acquire things

using different Pentacles. 1 We will begin with the Characters of Orifiel. Remember that everything needs to be prepared in accordance with what we have said before and it needs to be written on a piece of virgin card. In order to acquire knowledge by virtue of Orifiel, you should wear the First Pentacle over your heart. First Pentacle

PRFMIER.

PEN~ACLB.

[po 106] When you want to travel to a distant place, create the following Pentacle during the day and hour of Jupiter and when you wish to perform your Operation, place it on the underside of your shoes.2

2nd Pentacle 2~

'P B N T A C L E .

nomrn.ah.

These pentacles relate directly to the list of 13 Spirits in the Second Book. This second Pentacle also relates to Orifiel.

397

The Veritable Key of Solomon

In order to be invisible, make the third Pentacle and carry it on your left arm.1 3rd Pentacle

PENTACLE.

[po107] In order to make a dead man talk, draw the fourth Pentacle with the blood of an owl before sunrise during the day and hour of the Moon and hold it in your right hand while uttering these words: "Godmaglo, speak and answer me!"2

4th Pentacle

4': PEN T A C L E.

I 2

The third Pentacle also relates to Orifiel. The fourth Pentacle probably relates to Sabriel.

398

In order to acquire knowledge from Magriel, make the fifth Pentacle: 5th Pentacle •

•

P E'rl T A CL E.

[po 108] If you make the sixth Pentacle, you should hear a voice, which will tell you everything that you ask for, even the future.

6th Pentacle

PEN TACLE..

399

The Veritable Key of Solomon

In order to acquire honour and dignity, you should draw the seventh Pentacle when the Sun is in the sign of Leo.

7th Pentacle

PEN

CL E ,.

[po 109] When you wear the eighth Pentacle on your person, you will be loved and be well received everywhere. Create this one to make Euriel favourable towards you. It needs to be made in Moonlight and during the day and hour of Saturn. 1 8 th Pentacle

8~ PENTACLE.

The eighth Pentacle probably relates to Charariel.

400

You can make the ninth Pentacle to acquire the knowledge that the Spirit Pomeriel offers. It must be inscribed with the blood of a hoopoe bird during the day and hour of Jupiter. 9th Pentacle

PE'NTACL,E.

[po 110] The tenth Pentacle is made to make Sabriel more favourable in matters of love, made during the day and hour of Venus. It is especially favourable

for lovers and you will be well received by women as long as you wear it on your left side. 1 10th Pentacle

IO~

P EN'rACLE.

It would seem that the tenth Pentacle is more appropriate to Charariel.

401

The Veritable Key of Solomon

The eleventh Pentacle is useful to rise up into the air without being seen. It needs to be made during the day of Mercury and whoever uses it must wear it on his head. 1 11 th Pentacle

II ~

PEN!TI A C L E .

[po111] In order to find hidden treasure, the twelfth Pentacle is made for the method characteristic of Tenor [Tainor]. You need to make it in the middle of the night by a main road. Whoever makes the Pentacle must only use lamplight.

12th Pentacle

1.z~

PENTACJJE.

The eleventh pentacle relates to Uriel.

402

In order to take on any shape that you desire, and to transform yourself into any animal that you wish, you should inscribe the thirteenth Pentacle on a piece of Crystal with the blood of a black pigeon, while holding it in your hand. Whoever performs this Operation should recite the following words: "Tamor Chalo, Masmur Joha."l 13th Pentacle

I3~

'P E N '.C A C L E ..

MtV1'mul. ~+ ' S7C

ltosvam

[po112] In order to make Pamachiel favourable towards you, you need to make the fourteenth Pentacle when the Sun enters into Capricorn.

14th Pentacle

1 This

thirteenth Pentacle also probably relates to Tainor.

403

The Veritable Key of Solomon

In order to command animals, you need to draw the fifteenth Pentacle with

the blood of a toad when the Sun is entering into Capricorn.1 15th Pentacle

IS'~

PENTACLB.

[po 113] The sixteenth Pentacle is made during the day of the Moon. It comes under the governance of Tainor and is used to work miracles.

16th Pentacle

IG~ rENTACLE.

The fifteenth Pentacle relates to Pamachiel.

404

The seventeenth Pentacle is used to prevent shipwrecks and needs to be drawn with the blood of a sea fish. You should wear it over your stomach. 1 17th Pentacle

I7~ PENTACLE.

Probably under the auspices of the Spirit Begud.

405

The Veritable Key of Solomon [po114] This figure needs to be drawn on a piece of linen cloth and it is used to wrap the Pentacles in.

FIN DES

PentaCles .

End of the Pentacles [and of the Fourth Book]

406

Appendices

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Appendix A - Key of Solomon Manuscripts This list is a work in progress, which we hope will be of use to the serious student who may wish to expand it. Language

English

CoUection and MS BL Sloane MS 3847 # 1 BL Additional MS 36674 Bodleian Aubrey MS 24 (English & Latin) BL Sloane MS 3645 # 1 John Rylands OB 0133 Eng MS 40 (Sibly) Crawford MS 158 Sibley Private Collection MS 4 Jerusalem MS Yahuda 18 Edward Hunter Private Collection MS 3 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 14783

TO KK Zk KK RS RS RS RS? RS

? 15thC

Harvard Houghton MS Fr 554

17thC

Ann

Harvard Houghton MS Fr 555

17thC

BL Lansdowne MS 1202

17thC

Arm

BL Harley MS 3981 Milano Ambrosiana MS Z 72 sup Wellcome MS 4655 Wellcome MS 4656 Harvard Houghton MS Typ 833 BL Additional MS 39666 Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 1 Warburg MS FBH 80 Bibliotheque Mejanes COM 1918 Wellcome MS 983 [#1] Wellcome MS 4661 Wellcome MS 4669 [# 1] Wellcome MS 4669 [#2] Wellcome MS 4670 John Hay MS BF 1611 John Hay MS M313 BL Kings MS 288 BL Sloane MS 3091

408

1572 16thC 1674 17thC 1789 1789 1792 18thC 1811 9thC 17thC

Wolfenbiittel MS Extravagantes 39

Group

BL Harley MS 3536 [# 1]

BL Lansdowne MS 1203

French

Date

17thC 17/ 18thC 17118thC 1711 8thC 1725 1725 1779 173211782 173211782 173211782 1784 1709?11789 1796 1796 1796 1796 1798 1798 18thC 18thC

Ab AC CMC CMC Ab CMC CMC CMC AC RS RS AC UT RS RS RS AC AC

Index

Language

Greek Hygromanteia Solomonike

Collection and MS Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 2 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2346 [#2] Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2347 Bibliotheque de l'Arsenal MS 2348 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2349 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2350 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2493 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2790 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2791 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 24244 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 24245 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 25314 Genova MS B VI 35 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 553 Neuchiitel MS A18 (formerly 24079) Wellcome MS 4657 Wellcome MS 4658 Wellcome MS 4659 # 1 Wellcome MS 4659 #2 Wellcome MS 4660 Wellcome MS 4662 Wellcome MS 4666 [# 1] Wellcome MS 4667 [# 1] Wien MS 11517 Yale Mellon MS 85 [# 1] Wellcome MS 4664 Bononiensis MS 3632 BL Harley MS 5596 Neapolitanus MS II C 33 Monacensis Codex Gr. 70 Parisinus Codex Gr. 2419 Vindobonensis Codex Gr. 108 Taurinensis Codex VII Dionysiou Convent, Mount Athos MS 282 Gennadeios Library MS 45 Mediolanensis MS E37 sup., Milan Mediolanensis MS H2 infer., Milan Metamorphoseos Convent, Meteora MS 67 Milano Ambrosiana Codex 1030

Date 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 1825 1440 15thC 15thC 15thC 15thC 15thC 15116thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC

Group RS RS Zk AC Arm SS SS Zk SS?

Ab CMC RS AC AC UT RS TG AC UT

SS GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO GO

409

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Language

German

Hebrew

Italian

410

CoUection and MS

Date

National Library Athens MS 1265 National Library ofSt. Petersburg MS 575 Paleographic Museum St. Petersburg MS ? Greek Hist. & Folk. Soc. Athens MS 115 Atheniensis Codex Gr. National Library of St. Petersburg MS 646 Atheniensis Codex 30 (Codex 167)

end 16thC 17thC 17thC early 18thC 18thC 18thC early 19thC

Seville Zayas MS C.xIV.22 Ferguson MS 142 Harvard Houghton MS Typ 625 Darmstadt MS 1671 Leipzig MS 707 Leipzig MS 710 Leipzig MS 732 Leipzig MS 773 Uberlingen MS 164 BL Oriental MS 6360 BL Oriental MS 14759 Gollancz MS Rosenthaliana MS 12· Stadbibliotek Zittau MS B107 [#2] Bodleian Michael MS 276 Brescia Civica Queriniana MS E VI 23 BL Additional MS 10862 [#2] Berlin Hamilton MS 589 BL Sloane MS 1309 Brussels Bibliotheque Royale MS III.1152 BL Sloane MS 1307 Wien MS 11262 Wellcome MS 4668 [#2] [Italian & Latin] Karlsruhe MS 302 Leipzig MS 709 Leipzig MS 776 Milano Ambrosiana MS Z 164 sup Munster Nordkirchen MS 169 Seville Zayas MS CJCIV.l Penn University Van Pelt Codex 515 Jerusalem MS Varia 223 Seville Zayas MS C.V.l

16thC 17thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 1711 8thC 1711 8thC 1700 1729

Group

GO GO GO GO GO GO GO Exp CMC Exp Exp Exp

SM SM SM SM AC

16thC 16thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 1775 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 19thC

GP Zk AC

Ab/CMC

Index

Language

Dutch/Latin

Latin

Czech Arabic Total

1 1 144

Collection and MS Wien MS 11344 Berlin MS Germ. Quarto 474 Leipzig MS 790 Kobenhavn Thott MS 625 Kobenhavn Thott MS 237 Alnwick MS 584 Gregorius Niger Private Collection MS 5 Chatsworth MS 73D Ghent MS 1021 Harry Walton Private Collection MS A901 Bergamo MS Lamda II 23 (MM 512) Bibliotheque Nationale MS 14075 [# 1] Bologna MS A.646 Leipzig MS 841 Madrid MS 12707 Niirnberg MS 34 X BL Additional MS 10862 [# 1] Bibliotheque Nationale MS 15127 Marseilles MS 983 (Bb 108) [#1] Pommersfelden MS 357 Erlangen MS 853 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 11265 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 18510 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 18511 [# I] Evangelische Kirchenbibliotek Codex 31 Hamburg Codex Alchim. 739 Miinchen Clm 28942 Pisa MS 139 (167) Sankt-Peterburg MS Q III 645 Sankt-Peterburg MS Q III 647 Wellcome MS 4663 Vatican Ar. MS 448

Date

Group

17thC 17thC 18thC

1559? 16thC 16thC c. 1600 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17thC 17118thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 1810

AC GN

AC TG TG TG

15th-19thC

Manuscripts of the Key of Solomon sorted by Language

411

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Manuscripts of the Key of Solomon Sorted by Text-Group Language

French French French Italian Latin Italian Latin French Italian/Latin French French French French French Italian French French French French French French French French French French French French German German German German German Latin Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek

412

Collection and MS

BL Lansdowne MS 1203 Harvard Houghton MS Typ 833 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 25314 Penn University Van Pelt Codex 515 (maybe CMC) Alnwick MS 584 Bodleian Michael MS 276 BL Additional MS 10862 [#1] BL Harley MS 3981 Wellcome MS 4668 Bibliotheque Mejanes CGM 1918 Wellcome MS 4669 [#1] Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2348 BL Kings MS 288 BL Sloane MS 3091 Jerusalem MS Varia 223 Wellcome MS 4658 Wellcome MS 4659 [#1] Wellcome MS 4666 [# I] BL Lansdowne MS 1202 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 554 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2349 Wellcome MS 4655 Wellcome MS 4656 BL Additional MS 39666 Warburg MS FBH80 Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 1 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 553 Harvard Houghton MS Typ 625 Ferguson MS 142 Darmstadt MS 1671 Leipzig MS 707 Leipzig MS 732 Gregorius Niger Private Collection MS 5 Bononiensis MS 3632 BL Harley MS 5596 Monacensis Codex Gr. 70 Neapolitanus MS II C 33 Parisinus Codex Gr. 2419

Date

17thl18thC 1779 18thC 18thC

17thC 17thl18thC 1775 1784 1796 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 17thC 17thC 18thC 1725 1725 1732/ 1782 173211782 173211782 18thC 18thC 17thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 1559? 1440 15thC 15thC 15thC 15thC

Group

Arm

CMC

Exp

Index

Language

Collection and MS

Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Greek Italian

Vindobonensis Codex Gr. 108 Taurinensis Codex VII Dionysiou Convent, Mount Athos MS 282 Gennadeios Library MS 45 Mediolanensis MS E37 sup., Milan Mediolanensis MS H2 infer., Milan Metamorphoseos Convent, Meteora MS 67 Milano Ambrosiana Codex 1030 National Library Athens MS 1265 National Library of St. Petersburg MS 575 Paleographic Museum St. Petersburg MS ? Greek Hist. & Folk. Soc. Athens MS 115 Atheniensis Codex Gr. National Library of St. Petersburg MS 646 Atheniensis Codex 30 (Codex 167)

English English French English French English French French French French English French French French English English Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew Hebrew French French French French

Date

Group

15thC 15116thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC 16thC end 16thC 17thC 17thC early 18thC 18thC 18thC early 19thC

BL Sloane MS 1307

17thC

BL Additional MS 36674 BL Sloane MS 3645 #1

16thC 17thC

Wellcome MS 983 [#1] John Rylands GB 0133 Eng MS 40 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2346 [#2] Sibley Private Collection MS 4 Wellcome MS 4661 Wellcome MS 4670 John Hay MS BF 1611 John Hay MS M313 Crawford MS 158 Wellcome MS 4657 Wellcome MS 4660 Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 2 Jerusalem MS Yahuda 18 Edward Hunter Private Collection MS 3 BL Oriental MS 6360 BL Oriental MS 14759 Gollancz MS Rosenthaliana MS 12 Harvard Houghton MS Fr 555 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2350 Bibliotheque de l' Arsenal MS 2493 Bibliotheque de I' Arsenal MS 2791

170911789? 1789 1789 1792 1796 1796 1798 1798 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thC 18thl19thC 17118thC 17118thC 1700 1729 17thC 18thC 18thC 18thC

413

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Language

French English Latin Latin Latin French French French French English/Latin Italian Italian French French

Collection and MS

Wellcome MS 4664 BL Sloane MS 3847 #1 Bibliotheque Nationale MS 15127 p*rnmersfelden MS 357 Marseilles MS 983 (Bb 108) [#1] Wellcome MS 4662 Wellcome MS 4669 [#2] Wellcome MS 4667 [#1] Wellcome MS 4659 [#2] Bodleian Aubrey MS 24 BL Additional MS 10862 [#2] Wien MS 11262 Bibliotheque de l' Arsenal MS 2347 Bibliotheque de l'Arsenal MS 2790

Manuscripts of the Key of Solomon Sorted by Text-Group.

414

Date

1825 1572 17thC 17thC 17thC 18thC 1796 18thC 18thC 1674 16thC 17thC 18thC 18thC

Group

Zk /

Index

Appendix B - Incorrectly Attributed Manuscripts MS

Language

Real Title and Contents

De Ceremoniis Magicis. Grimoire in three books, with a few chapters taken from the Key. De Malorum Spirituum of Dr Rudd - the five books of the Lemegeton 1712 2 Clavicula Tabularum Enochi - the key of the Enochian Tables 3 Clavis Libri Secretorum domini Durienti - a grimoire derived from the Key of Solomon, on parchment4

Ashmole MS 187

Latin & Italian

Harley MS 6483

English

Sloane MS 307

English

Sloane MS 2383

Latin

Sloane MS 2731

English

Four Books of the Lemegeton, 17th century

Sloane MS 2732

English

Four Books of the Lemegeton, 1687

Sloane MS 3648

English

Lemegeton (the five books) with extracts from Agrippa and Paracelsus, 1655+

Sloane MS 3805

English

A few pages of the Lemegeton, 1685 [#4]

Sloane MS 3821

English

Sloane MS 3825

English

Wellcome MS 4654

Latin

Wellcome MS 4665

English

Clavicula Tabularum Enochi - copy of Sloane MS 307 5 with additional extracts from Nostradamus, I 7th century Janua Magica Reserata 6 and the Lemegeton (the five books) Key ofSolomon but heavily Christianised and re-arranged so as not to really warrant that title. Mid18th Century Frederick Hockley's copy of the Goetia 7 with other assorted extracts, c. 1835

Manuscripts incorrectly attributed or catalogued as the Key of Solomon.

I Either misdescribed in the literature, or miscatalogued by a librarian. Conversely there are undoubtedly also examples of the Key of Solomon catalogued under some other title, hidden away in the libraries of Europe. 2 Published by the present authors as the third volume in this series, The Goetia of Dr Rudd, Golden Hoard, London, 2007. 3 Published by the present authors as the first volume in this series, The Practical Angel Magic of Dr John Dee 's Enochian Tables, Golden Hoard, London, 2004. 4 A very derivative grimoire containing a small section of the Key only. 5 Also included in The Practical Angel Magic of Dr John Dee's Enochian Tables , Golden Hoard, London, 2004 6 Published by the present authors as the second volume in this series, The Keys to the Gateway of Magic , Golden Hoard, London, 2005. 7 Included in Skinner & .Rankine, The Goetia ofDr Rudd, Golden Hoard, 2007.

415

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Appendix C - O ther Book Titles A ttributed to Solomon Book Title Wisdom of Solomon Book of summoning used by Eleazar Testament of Solomon The Seven Heavens La Contradiction de Salomon Solomon and Saturn Salomonis libri de gemmis et daemonibus Philosophy of Solomon De Quatuor Annulis Salomonis Sigillum Salomon is Liber Salomonis de Novem Candariis Idea Salomonis et Entocta Ars Notoria Le Livre de Salomon Table of Solomon Umbris Idearum Vinculum Solomonis Tractatus de Penthagono Salomon is Expl. tractatus de Palmistria Salomonis Experimenta Salomon is missa Sibille Sapienti Clavicula Salomonis Semiphoras et Schemhamphoras Salomonis Solomonike De Oficiis Spirituum Herbarium Salomon is Hygromanteia Salomonis Lamene Salomon is Liber Salomonis de Tribus Figuris Spirituum Liber de Throno Salomonis Liber Pentaculorum De Sigillis ad Dcemoniacos Somnia Salomonis L 'Anneau de Salomon Lemegeton Clavicula Salomonis Cingulum Salomonis Speculum Salomonis, sive Sphaera Universae Sapjentae et Scientiae Septem Sigilla Planetarum

Pseudo- Solomonic Titles.

416

First Reference

Date

Bibliotheca Judaica Bibliotheca Judaica

IstC BCE IstC 3rdC 4thC 5thC 9th/l0thC 11thC 12thC c.1240 c.1240 c.l240 c.1240 c. 1300 c.1350 1376 14thC 14thC 14thC 14thC 15thC 1456 1456 15thC c.1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 c. 1500 1501 16thC 1641 1863 1863

Bibliotheca Judaica

1863

Josephus

MS Zosimus Pope Gelase. Not survived

MS Psellus (mentioned by Glycas)

MS William of Auvergne William of Auvergne William of Auvergne William of Auvergne

MS Destroyed by Innocent VI Eymerich Cecco d'Ascoli Not survived Not survived

MS MS Hartlieb Hartlieb

MS Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Trithemius Cardano

MS MS

Index

Appendix D - Angels, Demons and Gods of the Day The following table is a sample list of the angels, demons, Greek gods, and by implication the planet, for the day of Sunday, to be found in the Hygromanteia of Solomon dating from 15th century. Hour

Angel Michael

Demon Asmodai

Argphnael

Ornai

Perouel

Planet)

Greek God [Helios]

Sun

Aphrodite

Venus

Perrath

Hermes

Mercury

Iorael

Siledon

Luna

Moon

Piel

Sitros

Kronos

Saturn

lochth

Zephar

Zeus

Jupiter

Pel

Manier

Ares

Mars

loran

Osmie

Helios

Sun

Katael

Pnix

Aphrodite

Venus

Bidouel

Gerat

Hermes

Mercury

Emdiel

Nesta

Luna

Moon

Sanael

Pelior

Kronos

Saturn

Opsiel

Ho lstos

Zeus

Jupiter

Terael

Apios

Ares

Mars

Lysiel

Negmos

Helios

Sun

Nalouel

Arax

Aphrodite

Venus

Orkiel

Nestriaph

Hermes

Mercury

Periel

Askinos

Luna

Moon

larel

Kinopigos

Kronos

Saturn

Athouel

Araps

Zeus

Jupiter

Thamaniel

Tartarouel

Ares

Mars

Bradael

Melmeth

Helios

Sun

Klinos

Methridanou

Aphrodite

Venus

Ion

Phrodainos

Hermes

Mercury

Angels, Demons and Gods ofthe Day from the Hygromanteia ofSolomon. Not listed in the manuscript, but by extrapolation from the Greek god. Compare Asmodeus, the fourth demon of the Testament a/Solomon. 3 The first hour of each day is ruled by the Planet ruling that day. 4 Compare Ornias, the first demon of the Testament a/Solomon. I

417

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Appendix E - Greek Manuscripts of the Hygromanteia of Solomon 1 BL Harley MS 5596 (15th Century) 2 Bononiensis MS 3632 (1440) 3 Monacensis Codex Gr. 70 (15th Century) 4 Neapolitanus Codex II C 33 (15th Century) 5 Parisinus Codex Gr. 2419 (15th Century) 6 Vindobonensis Codex Phil. Gr. 108 (15th Century) 7 Taurinensis Codex VII (15th & 16th Century) 8 Biblioteca Ambrosiana Codex 1030 (16th Century) 9 Dionysiou Convent, Mount Athos MS 282 (16th Century) 10 Gennadeios Library MS 45 (16th Century) Mediolanensis MS E37 sup., (16th Century) 11 Mediolanensis MS H2 infer., Milan (16th Century) 12 Metamorphoseos Convent, Meteora MS 67 (16th Century) National Library Athens MS 1265 (end 16th Century) 13 National Library of St. Petersburg MS 575 (17th Century) 14 Paleographic Museum St. Petersburg MS ? (17th Century) 15 Greek Historical and Folkloric Society Athens MS 115 (early 18th Century) Atheniensis Codex Gr. (18th Century) 17 National Library of St. Petersburg MS 646 (18th Century) Atheniensis Codex 30 (Codex 167) (early 19th Century)

I See Greenfield (1988), pages 159-160 and Torijano (2002), pages 157-160 and Annand Delatte, Plantes, pages 148-149. 2 Contains fragments of the Testament of Solomon and a Treatise on Magic attributed to Solomon, as well as the Hygromanteia. See Delatte (1927), pages 397-445. 3 See Delatte (1927), pages 572-612. 4 Edited by Heeg, 'Excerptum' in CCAG VIII: 2. 5 See Delatte (1927), pages 613-624. 6 A veritable compendium of magic and astrology in manuscript, but with only the beginning of the Hygromanteia. See Delatte (1927), pages 446-510. 7 See Delatte (1927), pages 634-638. 8 Only the contents and beginning known as the manuscript was lost in a fire. 9 Manuscript U of the Testament of Solomon, with two pages of the Hygromanteia. 10 Incomplete version of the Hygromanteia. See Delatte (1927), pages 649-651. II See Delatte (1927), pages 640-648. 12 See Delatte (1927), pages 631-633. 13 Contains a magical manuscript attributed to Solomon and related to the Hygromanteia. See Delatte (1927), pages 10-104. 14 Codex Bib!. Publicae 575. Includes material on the decans. 15 Beginning of the Hygromanteia plus the part of the Testament of Solomon that deals with the decans. Library reference missing, but numbered 9 by Torijano (2002), page 159. 16 Later version of the Hygromanteia. 17 Manuscript copy by Nicolaos Politis, listed in Torijano (2002), page 158 as number 4. This manuscript contains the T,oM/M1JJ)IK'Y)J) or Solomonike, suspected by Politis of being the Hygromanteia.

418

Index

Appendix F - Manuscripts of the Key of Solomon in Private Collections The contents of these are listed here in order to facilitate comparison, as they are obviously not available in the catalogues of any public collection. The descriptions of the first two are taken from the relevant auction catalogue, and the others from Adam McLean's excellent Levity website. Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 11 Clavicula Magica et Cabalistica Sapientis Regis Salomonis ou La Clavicule Magique et Cabalistique du Sage Roy Salomon, translated into French by Rabbi Nazar

(' chef de la societe de la grande cabale de la ville d'Arte') from Cornelius Agrippa's Latin version of the original Hebrew text, apparently copied word for word from the 'original' text kept in the Bibliotheque de Florence, covering various kabalistic subjects including talismans, pentacles, magical symbols, spells and the invocation of spirits, and containing numerous diagrams of pentacles and symbols, 235 numbered pages, small 4to, in red and brown ink, contemporary vellum, Masonic bookplate crossed through, 1632 [probably actually 1732]. Divided into 16 chapters. From the collection of the late Robert Lenkiewicz (sold 20 November 2003 and resold 6 August 2006). Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 2 Les Clavicules de R[abbi] Salomon, traduites exactement du Texte hebreu en franr;ois: Ie tout enrichi d'un grand nombre de figures mistericules, de Talismans, Pentacules, Cerdes, Canderies, & Caracteres, in French, containing numerous diagrams of

pentacles in red, green and blue ink, 142 numbered pages, 4to, red morocco gilt, [eighteenth-century], several leaves loose, browning and fraying. From the collection of the late Robert Lenkiewicz (sold 20 November 2003). Edward Hunter Private Collection MS 3 The Keys of Rabbi Solomon. Translated accurately from the Hebrew into English by Edward Hunter. The whole embellished by a vast number of mystical Figures, Talismans, and Pentacles. 58 folios. Late 18th or nineteenth centuries. Chapter 1 The dispositions required of a person wishing to partake to the secrets of the Cabalistic Science. Chapter 2 Which are the places and times proper and suitable for the operation of the great art. Chapter 3 Of the matters which serve for the operations, and of the manner of preparing them in a cabalistic manner. Chapter 4 What are the instruments proper and necessary for operations in the art. 1 Note that the numbering of the Private Collection manuscripts is arbitrary, and is solely for the purposes of identification of these manuscripts within this volume.

419

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Chapter 5 What are the influences and secret virtues of the different situations of the Moon, to the success of the operations of the art. Chapter 6 Of the manner of working the figure, talismans, characters, and following the Rules of the art. [Drawing of the Great Pentacle of Solomon.] Chapter 7 Of the hours of the day and of the night in respect to the planets which govern them. Chapter 8 Of the proper perfumes suitable to the seven planets. Chapter 9 Of the Orisons, invocations, and conjurations for each day of the week. Chapter 10 Of the orisons in form of exorcisms, to consecrate all things which serve to the operations of the great Art. [Following this the work is not divided into Chapters, but deals in tum with the Pentacles, Orisons (in Latin), Invocations and Conjurations, Talismans, hours of day and night, mystical characters, precious stones, trees, perfumes for each of the seven planetary days. This section runs to 41 folios.]

Sibley Private Collection MS 4 The Clavis or Key to Unlock the Mysteries of Magic of Rabbi Solomon. Translated from the Hebrew into French and from French into English with additions by Ebenezer Sibley M.D. Fellow of the Harmoniac Philosophical Society at Paris, Author of the Complete Illustration of Astrology, Editor of Culpepper's Complete Herbal, Placidus De Titus on Elementary Philosophy, etc. The whole emiched with Coloured Figures, Talismans, Pentacles, Circles, Characters, etc. 168 folios. Late 18th Century. [Opposite Title page there is coloured drawing of 'Signs, Seals & Magical Knife'.] Chapter 1 What Disposition they ought to possess who are willing to participate in the secrets of the Cabalistical Science. Chapter 2 What are the proper Places and Time for the Exercise of this Great Art. Chapter 3 Of Matters relating to the operations and the manner of preparing them Cabalistic ally, the Talismans, Pentacles, Mystical Magic Characters, and other Figures which are the principal Matters of the Science. Chapter 4 Concerning the necessary Instruments. Chapter 5 What are the Influences and secret Virtue [of] the different situations of the [Moon] requisite in this Art. Chapter 6 Of the manner of working the Figures of Talismans, Characters, etc according to the Rules of Art. Chapter 7 Concerning the Hours of the day and Night for the Seven days of the week and their respective Planets which govern them. [Full page coloured drawing of 'The Grand Pentacle of Solomon.'] Chapter 8 Concerning the Perfumes that are proper for the seven Planets for

420

Index every Day of the week and the manner of composing them. Chapter 9 Concerning the Orations, Invocations and Conjurations for every Day in the Week. Chapter 10 Concerning Orations [in Latin] in the form of Exorcisms to consecrate all the things which belong to the Operation of this Grand Work. p. 17-87 [Section without chapters but divided into seven sections, in each of which is shown the Pentacles, Cabbalistic Names of the hours, magical characters, talismans, precious stones, trees, etc.] p. 87 The Mystical Ring. [Diagram of The Mystical Ring.] p. 95 An Experiment of the Spirit Agares. p. 98 Of the Spirit Bealpharos. [Drawing of Magic square with internal circle. Underneath is a shield inscribed with' hom*o Sacarus Meus Elomeas Cherubosca'.] An Experiment of the Spirit Vassago who may be called upon to appear in Chrystal Stone or Glass or otherwise without. [Full page drawing of 'The Wheel of Magic' divided into eight sectors, coloured according to the Planets, with 13 concentric circles. Each sector bears various correspondences, i.e. Trees, Stones, days of week etc.] The Wheel of Wisdom with its Key and full Directions for its use and the Key to the Wheel of Wisdom.

Full Directions for Magical Operations. Preface to the first part. [Diagram of Circle with inscribed triangle, above a square with inscribed circles.] The Complete Book of Magic Science Containing The Method of Constraining Spirits to Visible Appearance, the consecration of Lamens Pentacles and the Seals & Characters of the Planetary Angels, with a form of a bond of spirits.1 [Drawings of Circles, candlesticks and magical apparatus.] Names of the offices of the ruling presiding and Ministering Spirits. The form of the bond of Spirits given one J.W. 1573. The Pentacles of the Seven Planets. The Seals and Characters of the Seven Planets. [Circular seals of Olympian spirits.] The spiral Semiphora[ s] for Success in Life [diagram.] [Elaborate circle with various rays emanating and inscribed cross.] Crystallomancy Or the Art of Invocating Spirits By the Crystal. 12 folios.

I See A Complete Book of Magic Science Containing the method of constraining and exorcising spirits .. . transcribed by Frederick Hockley, Teitan, York Beach, 2008.

421

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Gregorius Niger Private Collection MS 5 VlQI-llQIX. Gregorius Niger. de rebus omnibus perfidendis theseauris sublevandis ubyconque terrarum contra consensum et ultra voluntatem custodientium cum ope, et adjutorio omnipotentis dei atque intelligentiarum universy quae causae secundae appeallantur.et sunt claves omnium scientiarum et rerum occultarum. Cadoni ex Bibliotheca Joannis Jacobi B[aron] de P ... hic liber fecit MCLIX. p. 1-69. [Text in Latin.]. [New numbering after First Book.] p. 1 Suite de Gregorius Niger ou Les Clavicules de Salomon qui traitent de to us Les talisiments et figures misterieuses come pentacules Cercles Caracteres aves la maniere methodique de les composer Traduites en fran

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Sundry Experiments: to Make it Rain, Snow, open Locks, Gold, Music.

Second Book The Virtues of the Thirteen Superior Intelligences Of the spirits who govern the Orders of the Sovereign Creator

2-31

2-5

Third Book I. The Circle.

3-1

2-9

3-1

2-6

2. The Pentacle.

3-2

2-10

3-2

2-7

3. The Sword.

3-3

2-11

3-3

2-8

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3-4

2-12

3-4

2-9

5. The Robe.

3-5

2-13

3-5

2-10

6. Fumigations or Perfumes.

3-6

2-14

3-6

2-11

7. Blood and Ink.

3-7

2-12

8. Virgin Parchment.

3-8

2-13

9. Place and Time.

3-9

2-29

3-9?

2-14

10. Regarding invocations and the Conjuration of Spirits.

3-10

2-30

3-10

2-15

Fourth Book The 18 simple Pentacles of the 13 Superior Intelligences

4-1

A Sample of Universal Treatise Family Manuscript Chapters.

A proto Grimorium Verum.

428

4-1

Index

Appendix H - The Equipment of the Art

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1 Mathers

(1909), Plates XIII-XIV, Figures 55-92 only. Figures 54 and 93 omitted as not relevant.

429

The Veritable Key of Solomon

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430

70. On Master's Sword

71,74,77. On Disciple's sword pommel 72, 75, 78. On Disciple's sword gard 73,76,79. On Disciple's sword blade 80. On the Burin 82-83. On the Aspergillum 84. On the Candles 85. On the Inkstand 86. On the Pen or Plume 87. On the Reed 88. On the Lime pot 89. On the Parchment 90. On the Silken Cloth 91-92. On the Magical Book

Index

Bibliography Manuscript Sources Wellcome MS 4670 Wellcome MS 4669 These have been supplemented with chapters drawn from: Additional MS 10862 Additional MS 36674 Kings MS288 Lansdowne MS 1202 Lansdowne MS 1203 Sloane MS 3645 Where this supplementation has occurred, the title of the chapter concerned has been footnoted with the source. For other manuscripts of the Key of Solomon, many of which were also consulted in the writing of this volume, see Appendix A. Note that the [#] numbers after a manuscript denotes the item number, where multiple separate items have been bound together in the same volume. This is not always indicated if the text in question is the first bound item.

Printed Sources Abano, Peter de, Heptameron, or the Magical Elements in Agrippa, H C. Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy, revised edition edited by Stephen Skinner, Ibis Press/Nicolas-Hays, Berwick, 2005. Abraham of Worms, edited by Georg Dehn, translated by Steven Guth, The Book of Abramelin, Ibis, Lake Worth, 2006. Adelung, Johann Christoph, Geschichte der Menschlichen Narrheit, Vol 6, Weygand, Leipzig, 1789, pages 332-457. Agrippa, H . c., Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy, Ibis Press/Nicolas-Hays, Berwick, 2005. Contains: Of Magical Ceremonies; Heptameron; Of the Nature of such Spirits; Arbatel of Magic; Of the Magic of the Ancients; Of Geomancy; Of Astronomical Geomancy. Agrippa, H. c., Three Books of Occult Philosophy. Translated by James Freake [Dr John French]. Edited by Donald Tyson. Llewellyn, St Paul, 1993. Anglo, Sydney (ed.), The Damned Art: Essays in the Literature of Witchcraft, RKP, London, 1977. Anon, Clavicule of Solomon, MS dated 1655, printed 1749. Anon, Les Clavicules de Salomon, Chamuel, Paris, 1892. Anon, Le Clavicole di Salomone: riproduzione da un antico manoscritto, con 105 pentacoli e caratteri cabalistici e con numerose tavole magiche, Alberto Fidi, Milano, 1928. 431

The Veritable Key of Solomon Anon, Clavicules de Salomon, Veritable Secrets des Secrets, revelations des Operations Magiques, Perthuis, Paris, 1966. Anon, Clavicules de Salomon, 1825, Trajectoire, Paris, 1997. Anon, La Clavicola del Re Salomone = Clavicula Salomonis : La vera magia near, Edizioni Rebis, Viareggio, 1976. Ashe, Steven (ed), The Testament of Solomon & The Wisdom of Solomon, Glastonbury Books, Glastonbury, 2008. Barbierato, Frederico, '11 Testo impossibile: la Clavicula Salomonis a Venezia (secoli XVII-XVIII)', Annali della Fondazione Luigi Einaudi, Vol 32, 1998. Barbierato, Frederico, Nella Stanza dei Circoli: Clavicula Salomon is e Libri de Magia a Venezia nei secoli XVII e XVIII, Bonnard, Milan, 2002. Baroja, Julio Caro, Vidas Magicas e Inquisicion, Taurus, Barcelona, 1967. Betz, Hans Dieter (ed), The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1992. Blish, James, Black Easter, or Faust Aleph-Null, Bucaneer, New York, 1968. Bowman, Steven, The Jews of Byzantium, 1204-1453, University, Ala., 1985. Bremmer, Jan N., & Veenstra, Jan R. (eds), The Metamorphosis of Magic from Late Antiquity to the Early Modern Period, David Brown, Conneticut, 2002. Brown, P, 'Sorcery, Demons and the Rise of Christianity: from Late Antiquity into the Middle Ages', in Religion and Society in the Age of Saint Augustine, Faber & Faber, London, 1972. Bulwer-Lytton, Edward, Zanoni, Harper & Brothers, New York, 1842. Butler, E.M., Ritual Magic, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1979. Butler, E.M., The Fortunes of Faust, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1952. Campbell, Josie P, Popular Culture in the Middle Ages, Popular Press, Wisconsin,1986. Connor, Robert, Jesus the Sorcerer, Mandrake, Oxford, 2006. Co uliano, loan P, Eros and Magic in the Renaissance, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1987. Couliano, loan P, 'Magia Spirituale e Magia Demonica nel Rinascimento' in Rivista de Storia e Letteratura Religiosa, Vol 17, Turin, 1981, pages 360-408. Daiches, Samuel, Babylonian Oil Magic in the Talmud and in the later Jewish Literature, Jews College, London, 1913. Davidson, Gustav, A Dictionary of Angels, including the Fallen Angels, Free Press, New York, 1967. Davis, Robert c., Shipbuilders of the Venetian Arsenal, John Hopkins University Press, 1927. De Claremont, Lewis, The Ancient's Book of Magic, Oracle, 1936. De Givry, Emile Grillot, Witchcraft, Magic & Alchemy, Dover, New York, 1971.

432

Index De Givry, Emile Grillot, Illustrated Anthology of Sorcery, Magic and Alchemy, Zachary Kwintner, London, 1991. Delatte, Armand, Anecdota Atheniensia, Universite de Liege and Paris, 1927-39. Detel, Wolfgang von, & Zittel, Claus, Wissensideale und Wissenskulturen in Der Friihen Neuzeit, Akademie Verlag, 2002. Dobbie, Elliot Van Kirk (ed), The Anglo-Saxon Minor Poems, Columbia University Press, New York, 1942. Donaldson, Alexander, The Devil Upon Two Sticks, translated from Diable Boiteux of M. Le Sage, Alexander Donaldson, Edinburgh, 1962. Dulling, D. c., 'The Eleazar Miracle and Solomon's Magical Wisdom in Flavius Josephus's Antiquitates Judaicae 8.42-49' in HTR 78, 1985, pages 1-25. Dulling, D. c., 'The Legend of Solomon the Magician in Antiquity', in Proceedings of the Eastern Great Lakes Biblical Society, 4, 1984. Eleazar of Worms, Sepher Raziel, Amsterdam, 1701. Fabricius, Johann Albert, Codex Pseudepigraphus Veteris Testamenti, Felgineri, Hamburg, 1713. Fanger, Claire (ed.), Conjuring Spirits: Texts and Traditions of Medieval Ritual Magic. Pennsylvania State UP & Sutton Publishing, Gloucestershire, 1998. Frieduch, Peter, De Prodigiosis Naturce et Artis Operibus Talisman et Amulet, Christian Leibez, Hamburg, 1717. Furst, Dr Julius, Bibliotheca Judaica Volume II, Von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 1863. Garzoni, Tomaso, Piazza Universale di tutte le Professioni del mondo, 1585. Gaster, Moses, The Sword of Moses: an Ancient Book of Magic, London, 1896 reprinted Holmes, Edmonds, 2000. Gollancz, Hermann, Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh (Book of the Key of Solomon), Teitan Press, York Beach, 2008. Goodenough, E. R, Jewish Symbols in the Graeco-Roman Period. Bollingen Series, New York, Vol. 37, 1953-1968. Greenfield, Richard, Traditions of Belief in Late Byzantine Demonology, Hakkert, Amsterdam, 1988. Greenup, A. W., Sepher ha-Levanah: the Book of the Moon, London, 1912. [An edition of BL MS Or. 6360] Grozinger, K. E., 'The Names of God and the Celestial Powers: their Function and Meaning in the Hekhalot Literature' in Jerusalem Studies in Jewish Thought, Vol. 6, No. 1-2, 1987, pages 53-69. Heeg, J., 'Excerptum ex Codice Monacensi Graeco 70: Hygromanteia Salomonis', in Catalogus Codicum Astrologorum Graecorum, Ruelle, Bruxelles, 1911, pp.139-176.

433

The Veritable Key of Solomon Hockley, Frederick, A Complete Book of Magic Science Containing the method of constraining and exorcising spirits to appearance and consecration of Magic Circles ... , Teitan, York Beach, 2008. Howe, Ellic, The Magicians of the Golden Dawn, 1985, Aquarian Press, Wellingborough Hull, J. M., Hellenistic Magic and the Synoptic Tradition, SCM, London, 1974. James, Geoffrey. Angel Magic: the Ancient Art of Summoning and Communicating with Angelic Beings. Llewellyn, St. Paul, 1997. Jare, Giuseppi, Abramo Colomi, Ingegnere Mantovano ccc., Con Ducumenti Inediti, Mantua, 1874 and Ferrara, 1891. Josephus, Flavius, translated by William Whiston, The Works of Josephus, Complete and Unabridged, Hendrickson Publishers, Peabody, 1987. Kiesewetter, Carl, Faust in der Geschichte und Tradition, Spohr, Leipzig, 1893. Kieckhefer, Richard, Magic in the Middle Ages, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1989. Kieckhefer, Richard, Forbidden Rites: A Necromancer's Manual of the Fifteenth Century, Sutton, Stroud, 1997. Klutz, Todd, Rewriting the Testament of Solomon: Tradition, Conflict and Identity in a Late Antique Pseudepigraphon, T & T Clark, New York, 2005. Kristeller, Paul Oskar, Iter Italicum, 7 Volumes, Brill, Leiden, 1963-97. Kuntz, Darcy (edited), Ars Notoria: the Magical Art of Solomon .. . Englished by Robert Turner. Holmes, Sequim, 2006. [First English edition 1656] Lang, Benedek, Unlocked Books: Manuscripts of Learned Magic in the Medieval Libraries of Central Europe, Pennsylvania State University, 2008. Leitch, Aaron, Secrets of the Magical Grimoires, Llewellyn, Woodbury, 2005. Lisiewski, Joseph, Ceremonial Magic & the Power of Evocation. New Falcon, Tempe, Arizona, 2004. [Based on Peter de Abano's Heptameron.] Lowe, Raphael. 'A Mediaeval Latin-German Magical text in Hebrew characters' in Jewish history. Essays in honour of Chimen Abramsky. 1988. Magdalino, Paul & Maria Mavroudi, The Occult Sciences in Byzantium, La Pomme d'Or, Geneva, 2006. Marathakis, Ioannis, Anazetontas ten Kleida tou Solomonta, Eidikos Typos, Athens, 2007. Margoliouth, Moses, Sepher ha-Razim, Yedioth Achronot, Jerusalem, 1966. Mathers, S. L. MacGregor (trans), The Key of Solomon the King (Clavicula Salomonis). Redway, London, 1889, and Kegan Paul, London, 1909 and Samuel Weiser, Maine, 2000. Mathiesen, Robert, 'The Key of Solomon: towards a Typology of the Manuscripts' in Societas Magica Newsletter, Issue 17, Spring, 2007.

434

Index McCown, C. c., 'The Christian Tradition as to the Magical Wisdom of Solomon' in JPOS Vol. 2, 1922, pages 1-24. McLean, Adam, www.levity.com/alchemy / solomon.html. Meinhold, Johannes Wilhelm, The Convent Witch, in The Daguerrotype, Vol III, No 4, Crosby & Nichols, Boston, 1849. Migne, Jacques Paul, Dictionnaire des Apocryphes, Migne, Paris, 1858. Morgan, Michael, Sepher Ha-Razim: the Book of Mysteries, SBLTT Vol. 25, Scholars Press, Chico, 1983. Naudaeus, Gabriel, The History of Magic: By way of Apology, for all the Wise Men

who have unjustly been reputed Magicians, from the Creation, to the present Age, John Streater, London, 1657. Nigosian, S.A., From Ancient Writings to Sacred Texts: The Old Testament and Apocrypha, JHU Press, Maryland, 2004. Peterson, Joseph (ed), The Lesser Key of Solomon, Weiser Books, Maine, 2001. Peterson, Joseph (trans), Grimorium Verum, CreateSpace, Calfironia, 2007. Peterson, Joseph, www.esotericarchives.com/gollancz/Maphteah.htm. Peterson, Joseph, www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/ksol.htm. Peuckert, Will-Erich, Pansophie: Ein Versuch zur Geschichte der Weissen un Schwarzen Magie, Erich Schmidt, Berlin, 1956. Pingree, David (editor), Picatrix: The Latin Version of the Ghayat aI-Hakim, Warburg Institute, London, 1986. Plangiere (trans.), Grimorium Verum [Les Veritable Clavicules de Salomon], Alibeck, Memphis, 1517 [i.e. 18th century]. Ribadeau-Dumas, Franc:;:ois (ed.), Clavicules de Salomon, Gutenberg, Paris, 1980 and Pierre Belfond, 1972. [From a manuscript dated 1641 in the library of Stanislas de Gualta] . Rist, M. 'The God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob: a Liturgical and Magical Formula' in JBL Vol. 57, 1938, pages 289-303. Rohrbacher-Sticker, Claudia, 'A Hebrew Manuscript of Clavicula Salomonis', Part II, in British Library Journal, 21, 1995, pp. 128-136. Rohrbacher-Sticker, Claudia, 'Maphteah Shelomoh: A New Acquisition. of the British Library', Jewish Studies Quarterly, Volume 1, 1993/94, No.3. Saved ow, Steve (ed & trans), Sepher Rezial Hemelach: The Book of the Angel Rezial, Samuel Weiser, York Beach, 2000. Schafer, P., 'Jewish Magic Literature in Late Antiquity and Early Middle Ages' in JJS Vol. 41, 1990, pages 75-91. Scheible, Johann. Das Kloster: Weltlich und geistlich. Meist aus der altern deutschen Volks-, Wunder-, Curiositaten-, und vorzugsweise komischen Literatur, in 12 volumes, 1845-1849.

435

The Veritable Key of Solomon Scheible, Johann. Bibliothek der Zauber-, Geheimnissund Offenbarungs-Bucher, 1849. Scheible, Johann. Bibliotheca Magica, 1873-1874. Schiffman, L.H., & Swartz, M.D., Hebrew and Aramaic Incantation Texts from the Cairo Genizah, JSOT Press, Sheffield, 1992. Schlumberger, c., Amulettes Byzantins Anciens, Paris, 1892. Scholem, Gershom, 'Some Sources of Jewish-Arabic Demonology' in Journal of Jewish Studies, volume xvi, 1965. Scholem, Gershom, Kabbalah, Meridian, New York, 1978. Scot, Reginald, Discauerie ofWitchcraft, Elliot Stock, London, 1886, reprinted from 1665 edition. [limited edition of 250 copies.] Book xv, Chapter i-iv, pages 376-329 et seq. Scully, Sally, 'Marriage or a Career? Witchcraft as an Alternative in Seventeenth Century Venice', in Journal of Social History, Vol 2, Summer, 1995, pages 857-876. Shah, Sayed Idries, The Secret Lore of Magic, Muller, London, 1957. Shah, Sayed Idries, Oriental Magic, Rider, London, 1956. Shulvass, Moses A vigdor, The Jews in the World of the Renaissance, Brill, Leiden, 1973. Simon, Kate, A Renaissance Tapestry: The Gonzaga of Mantua, Harper & Row, New York, 1988. Siraisi, Nancy G., The Clock and the Mirror: Girolamo Cardano and Renaissance Medicine, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1997. Skemer, Don c., Binding Words: Textual Amulets in the Middle Ages, Penn State Press, Pennsylvania, 2006. Skinner, Stephen (editor), Abano, Peter de, Heptameron, or the Magical Elements in Agrippa, H C. Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy, Ibis Press/NicolasHays, Berwick, 2005. Skinner, Stephen, The Complete Magician 's Tables, Golden Hoard, London & Llewellyn, Woodbury, 2006. Skinner, Stephen & Rankine, David, The Practical Angel Magic of John Dee's Enochian Tables, Volume 1 of Sourceworks of Ceremonial Magic, Golden Hoard, London, 2004. Skinner, Stephen & Rankine, David, Keys to the Gateway of Magic, Volume 2 of Sourceworks of Ceremonial Magic, Golden Hoard, London, 2005. Skinner, Stephen & Rankine, David, The Goetia of Dr Rudd, Volume 3 of Sourceworks of Ceremonial Magic, Golden Hoard, London, 2007. Smith, M, Jesus the Magician, Harper & Row, San Francisco, 1975. Sperber, Daniel, Magic and Folklore in Rabbinic Literature, Bar-Ian, Jerusalem, 1994.

436

Index Stackhouse, Thomas, A History of the Holy Bible, corrected and improved by the Right Rev. George Gleig, Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, London, 1817. Summers, Montague, Witchcraft and Black Magic, Senate, London, 1995. Swartz, M D, Mystical Prayers in Ancient Judaism, Mohr, Tiibingen, 1992. Symonds, John Addington, Renaissance in Italy. The Catholic Reaction. Part 1, Adamant Media Corporation, Boston, 2001. Teitelbaum, Irving, Jewish Magic in the Sassanian Period, Ph.D. thesis Dropsie College, Philadelphia, 1964. Temple Patrick Society, A Debate Proposed in the Temple Patrick Society, And Fully Discussed By The Members, Whether Witches, Wizards, Magicians, Sorcerers, &c. Had Supernatural Powers, And by Means of Intercourse with, or Assistance from invisible supernatural Agents, Had Knowledge of, and could Foretell future Events, With Power over the Inhabitants of this World, Young, Philadelphia, 1786. Thompson, c.J.s., Mysteries and Secrets of Magic, John Lane, London, 1927. Thorndike, Lynn, A History of Magic and Experimental Science, Volume II, Columbia University Press, New York, 1923, Chapter XLIX. Torijano, Pablo, Solomon the Esoteric King, Brill, Leiden, 2002. Trachtenberg, Joshua, Jewish Magic and Superstition, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 2004. Various, The Biographical Dictionary of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge, Longman, Brown, Green, London, 1842. Waite, Arthur Edward, The Book of Black Magic and of Pacts, Privately Printed, Edinburgh, 1898, republished by Samuel Weiser, York Beach, 1972. Waite, Arthur Edward, The Book of Ceremonial Magic, University Books, New York,1961. Waite, Arthur Edward, The Secret Tradition in Goetia, Rider, London, 1911. Walker, Daniel P., Unclean Spirits: Possession and Exorcism in France and England in the Late Sixteenth and Early Seventeenth Centuries, Scholar, London, 1981. Yates, Frances A., Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition, Vintage, New York,1969.

437

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Index Agathos .............................. 101, 227 Agiel ........................................... 204 Agla ... 219, 252, 253, 255, 271, 286, 288,295,296,304,314,316,343, 365 Agrippa, Cornelius ... 23, 28, 32, 39, 47, 61, 64, 94, 97, 223, 248, 303, 415,420 Air ...... 152, 282, 283, 287, 288, 289, 296,297,303,321,376 Albertus Magnus .................. 21, 59 Albumazar ................. 163, 215, 252 Aigarpha ...................................... 88 Almadel ................................... 22,61 AI-Miftah al-Azam li-Sulayman alHakim ........................................ 26 Alnaza .......................................... 88 Alnwick MS 584 .......... 28,411,412 Amaymon .................................. 312 Ambrosiana Codex 1030. 409, 413, 418 Ambrosiana MS Z 164 sup ...... 410 Ambrosiana MS Z 72 sup ........ 408 Anabona ..................................... 125 Anael .......................... 191, 231, 313 Anelli Negromantici dal Salomone .. .50 Antipalus Maleficorum ................. 22 Antiquities of the Jews ............ 17, 19 Aphrodite .................................. 417 Ararita ........................................ 116 Arathron ............................ 222, 223 Arbatel of Magick ................ 223, 261 Arcan .......................................... 125 Ares ....................................... 58, 417 Aries ...87, 89, 181, 259, 261, 282, 333 Armadel.. ..................... 30, 32, 54, 80 Ars Notoria ........................... 24, 416 Ashmole MS 187 ....................... 415 Ashmole, Elias ............................ 36 Ashtoreth ............................. 17,373

438

Asmodeus .. 17, 39, 49, 60, 312, 373, 417 Aspergillum .............................. 347 Astaroth ............................... 60,271 Atalanta Fugiens ......................... .. 33 Atheniensis Codex 30410, 413, 419 Atheniensis Codex Gr410, 413, 418 Athens MS 115 ......... ..410, 413, 418 Athens MS 1265 .........410, 413, 418 Aubrey MS 24 .25, 30, 36, 360, 408, 414,425 Aubrey, John ............................... 36 A yton, Reverend ....................... . 38 BA MS 2346 ................. 28,409, 413 BA MS 2347 .................. 30,409,414 BA MS 2348 ....................... 409, 412 BA MS 2349 ................. 30,409, 412 BA MS 2350 ............ 29, 37, 409, 413 BA MS 2493 ................. 29,409,413 BA MS 2790 .................. 30,409,414 BA MS 2791 ................. 29, 409, 413 Barchiel ... ................................... 134 Barrault, Jean Jaubert.. ............... 29 Barrett, Francis ............... ....... 17,23 Barzabel ..................................... 143 Bava Batra ..................................... 99 Beelzebub ................. 17, 53, 60, 373 Belial ... .......................................... 18 Belzebut .................... .5ee Beelzebub Beni Seraphim ........................... 190 Beschwerungen der Olympischen Geister ....................................... 50 Bethor ................................. 222, 223 Bibliotheca Judaica ................ 24, 416 Bilit ................................. 32, 54, 125 Black Handled Knife ... 59, 61, 344, 432 Black Raven See Threefold Harrowing of Hell

Index Blood ..... 82,97, 110, 128, 143, 158, 174,190,204,226,227,257,258, 262, 265-270, 288, 295, 297, 308, 319,322,323,327,340,344,351353,355,357,372,377,389,391, 398,401,403-405 BN MS 11265 ............................. 411 BN MS 14075 ............................. 411 BN MS 14783 ............................. 408 BN MS 15127 ............... 30,411,414 BN MS 18510 ............................. 411 BN MS 18511 ............................. 411 BN MS 2348 ................................. 28 BN MS 24244 ............................. 409 BN MS 24245 ............................. 409 BN MS 25314 ............... 29, 409, 412 BN MS Fr. 25314 ......................... 66 Boissard, Jean-Jacques ............... 21 Bologna MS A.646 .............. ...... 411 Bononiensis MS 3632409, 412, 418 Bononiensis MS Gr. 3632 ........... 63 Book of Abramelin the Mage ... 39, 67 Book of Proverbs ............................ 73 Book of Secrets .......... ..................... 59 Breastplate ................................... 60 Breviarius de Hierosolyma ............ 56 Bronze ...................... 27, 62, 81, 391 Bruno, Giordano ......................... 21 Bulwer-Lytton, Edward ..... 16, 17, 34,35,65 Burin .................................. . 360,432 Busta MS 102 ............................... 41 Busta MS 103 ..................... .......... 42 Busta MS 90 ....................... .......... 41 Caduceus ..................................... 27 Cancer .................. 88,135,282,387 Capricorn.... 88,282,324,344,403, 404 Cardano, Girolamo ..................... 23 Casanova ................................ 31, 44 Cassiel ................................ 205,226 Celestial Script ............................ 27

Centini, Cardinal Giacomo ....... 41 Charlemagne ...............146, 147, 260 Chatsworth MS 73D ........ ... 43, 411 Chemosh ...................................... 17 Cherubim ... l00, 101, 106,294,305, 313,340 Choniates, Nicetas ................ 21,49 Cingulum Salomonis ............ 24, 416 Circle .. 37, 51, 52, 54, 55, 61, 70, 71, 171, 187, 218, 219, 221, 257, 258, 263,284-289,298,300,301,303, 324, 326, 337, 338, 340, 343, 350, 363-366,378,379,384-386,389, 393,394,422,427,429,430 Clavicula Salomonis Expurgata .. 31, 32,47 Claviculae Salomonis et Theosophia Pneumatica ................... 23, 47, 48 Clay ................................ 60, 96, 105 Codex Alchim. 739 ................... 411 Codex Pseudepigraphus Veteris Testamenti ............................... 23 Collapse of Solomon ...................... 62 Colville, John ............................... 31 Commentary on Deuteronomy ..... 53 Consecration .............. 361, 362, 429 Contradiction of Solomon ....... 20, 34 Copper ... 57, 81, 181, 228, 249, 251, 265,321,347 Crawford MS 158 ..28, 33, 408, 413 Curzon, Robert ........................... 68 d' Argenson, Antoine ........... 38, 67 d' Ascoli, Cardinal ...................... 41 d'Este, Alfonso ............................ 43 Dagger ..... ....................344, 345, 432 Darmstadt MS 1671 .... 31, 410, 412 Das Buch Belial... .......................... 18 de Abano, Peter .. 22, 29, 53, 59, 64, 71,94,97,103,125,424 De Legibus .............................. 20, 21 De Oficiis Spirituum ............ 23, 416

439

The Veritable Key of Solomon

De Quatuor Annulis Salomonis .. 20, 21,416

De Sigillis ad Dcemonicos ..... 21, 416 de Teramo, Jacobus .................... 18 Dee, John ...... 26, 31, 33, 44, 60, 415 del Rio, Martin ............................ 23 della Mirandola, Pico ................. 21 Demonic Kings ............................ 60 Denley, John .................... 16, 33, 65 Dictionnaire des Apocryphes ........ 20 Directorium Inquisitorum ............ 22

Disquisitionum Magicarum Libri sex23 Dog ...................... ............... 337,338 Dragon Rouge ............................... 39 Earth..... 96, 103, 136,207, 208, 255, 286-288, 292, 294, 297, 300, 301, 303-305,308,314,321,326,334, 375,429 East 60, 70, 219, 231, 234, 236, 239, 241,244,246,286,288,297,304, 324,334,343,363,373,392 Edward Hunter Private Collection MS 3 .................. 34, 408, 413, 420 Egym ...................................... .... 312 Eheieh ................. 287, 294, 327, 361 Eighth Book of Moses ........... ......... 20 EL . .... 292, 293, 296, 311, 314, 327, 354,393 Eleazar .............................. .... 19, 416 Electrum .................. ..................... 57 Elijah ........................................... 324 Elohim ... 100, 106, 292-294, 296, 301, 305, 327, 338, 343, 345, 361, 362, 365,394 Enchiridion ............................ 80, 147 Enoch ............................................ 21 Erghome, Thomas ...................... 22 Erlangen MS 853 ....................... 411 Eusebius ....................................... 49 Evangelische Kirchenbibliotek Codex 31 .......................... 43, 411 Exodus .......... ....................... 340,393

440

Experimenta Salomonis missa Sibille Sapienti ............................. 22, 416 Eymerich, Nicholas ...... .............. 22 Fabricius, Johan .......................... 23 Ferguson MS 142 ....... . 31,410,412 Fire ...... 154,259,282,298,301,304, 321,334,348,376,387,428

Fourth Book of Occult Philosophy 47, 261 Fyot, F. F ........................... .... ....... 66 Fyot, J. S.............. 38, 64, 66, 67, 275 Gabriel.. .... ... 125, 129, 231, 234, 314 Garzoni, Tomaso ........................ 42 Gemini .. 88, 262, 282, 303, 333, 377

Genesis ......................... ............... 300 Gennadeios Library MS 45 .. .. 409, 413,418 Genova MS B VI 35 .................. 409 Geo-Peccatrix .............. 26, 31, 32, 61 Ghent MS 1021.. ............... .. .. ..... 411 Glycas, MichaeL .................. 20, 49 Gnomes ..................... ........... 74, 326 Goethe .............................. 23, 38, 47 Goetia of Dr Rudd ... .... 24,33,58,59, 393,415 Gold ........ 57, 81, 116, 181, 184, 251, 257, 258, 261, 265, 266, 270, 321, 378,379 Golden Dawn .........15, 35, 151,324 Gollancz MS ...................... 410, 413 Gollancz, Hermann .............. 47, 53 Gonzaga, Vincenzo .................... 43 Gospel of St John ................. 254,261 Grand Grimoire ... See Dragon Rouge Grand Pentacle of Solomon ..... 91, 421,426 Graphiel ..................................... 143 Greek Magical Papyri .... 20, 53, 62 Gregentius ................................... 18 Gregorius Niger Private Collection MS 5 .............. 31, 38, 411, 412, 423, 426 Grillot de Givry, Emile ........ 17,38

Index Grimorium Verum ... 25, 39, 60, 370,

373,429 Hagiel ......................................... 190 Hagith ........................ 198, 222, 223 Hamilton MS 589 ...................... 410 Hamoniel ................................... 163 Harley MS 3536 ........... ........ ...... 408 Harley MS 3981 .. 15,28,43,408,412 Harley MS 5596 .. 31, 55, 59, 60, 61, 409,412,418 Harley MS 6483 ......................... 415 Harry Walton Private Collection MS A901 ........................................ 411 Hartlieb ................................. 22, 416 Harvey, Gabriel .......................... 33 Heavenly SeaL ........................... 60 Hecate ...... ............................. ........ 27 Helios ......................................... 417 Heptameron ..... 23, 28, 29, 53, 58, 61, 71,103,104,125,424 Herbarium Salomonis ..... 22, 23, 416 Hermes ................................. 97, 417 Hismael ................................ ...... 174 Hockley, Frederick.. 17, 34, 38, 415, 422 Holy Rider ................................... 19 Houghton MS Fr 553 .. 28, 409, 412 Houghton MS Fr 554 .. 30, 408, 412 Houghton MS Fr 555 .. 29, 408, 413 Houghton MS Typ 83329, 408, 412 Hunter, Edward ......... .. ............... 34 Hygromanteia .... .. 16, 22, 23, 26, 31, 32, 36, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63,68,409,416,417,418 Iamblichus ..... 96, 97, 131, 215, 252 Idea Salomonis et Entocta ... ... 20,21, 416 Incense ... 55, 58, 61, 76, 86, 96, 110, 128, 158, 225, 257, 267, 285, 303, 304,310,322,325,326,343,346, 361,364,384,390,428

Iron ...59,81,96, 118, 122, 146, 181, 228,251,292,321,343 Irwin, Francis George ................ 38 Isaac ...................................... 20, 227 Isaac, Aaron ................................. 21 Jacob ...................... 20, 227, 296, 346 Jah ................ 299, 314, 316, 320, 343 Jekyll, Sir Joseph ......................... 33 Jerusalem MS Varia 223 ... 28,410, 412 Jerusalem MS Yahuda 18 .. 28, 408, 413 John Hay MS BF 1611 28,408,413 John Hay MS M 313 ... 28,408,413 Johphiel .......................... ............ 174 Josephus, Flavius .................. 17, 19 Jupiter ... .58, 81, 87-89, 91, 96, 116, 131,151,170,171,173-177,179184,201,215,218,222,223,241243,248-251,257,261,280,281, 321,345,350360,397,401,417 Kamea ................................ 109,127 Karlsruhe MS 302 ..................... 410 Kedemel ..................................... 190 Key of Knowledge .............. 26, 30, 32 King David .................................. 17 Kings I.. ................................... 17, 36 Kings MS 288 ....15,28,43,64,308, 311,314,316,317,319-321,360, 408,412 Kronos ........................ .......... 58, 417 L'Anneau de Salomon ........... 23, 416 La Contradiction de Salomon 20, 416 Lamene Salomonis ................. 22, 416 Lansdowne MS 120215, 28, 30, 43, 78,80,146,360,370,408,412 Lansdowne MS 1203, 15, 28, 29, 35, 64, 66, 67, 310, 322-324, 326, 361, 408,412 Le Livre de Salomon ..... ......... 22, 416 Le Sage ......................................... 39

441

The Veritable Key of Solomon Lead ....... 79, 81, 212, 228, 251, 263, 298,312,321,347,363,378 Leipzig MS 707 ............ 31, 410, 412 Leipzig MS 709 ........... ............... 410 Leipzig MS 710 .......................... 410 Leipzig MS 732 ............ 31, 410, 412 Leipzig MS 773 .......................... 410 Leipzig MS 776 .......................... 410 Leipzig MS 790 .................... 48, 411 Leipzig MS 841 .................... ...... 411 Lemegeton ... 24, 26, 33, 53, 415, 416 Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 1 ............. ....... .28, 68, 408, 412, 420 Lenkiewicz Private Collection MS 2 ................................. 409, 413, 420 Leo .. 80, 88, 117, 147, 282,333,400 Leontius of Constantinople ... 4, 18 Liber Almadel .... ............................ 21 Liber de Throno Salomonis .... 23,416 Liber Pentaculorum ..................... 416 Liber Sacer ... .. ... .see Sworn Book of Honorius Liber Salomonis de Novem Candariis ............................... 20, 21, 22, 416 Liber Salomon is de Tribus Figuris ......................... .......... .21,22,416 Libra ............................. 88, 282, 303 Lilith ............................................. 19 Loutzipher ... ............. ....5ee Lucifer Lucifer ... ......... 53, 60, 263, 373, 378 Lucifuge ....................................... 39 Luna ............... ............................. 417 Mackenzie, Kenneth ... ................ 38 Madrid MS 12707...................... 411 Magus, The .............................. 17, 23 Maier, Michael ..... ................. 21,33 Maimonides ................................. 49 Malachim ................................... 299 Malipiero, Laura ................ ......... 41 Malkah be-Tharshisim ............. 128 Mars .. .58, 81, 139, 140, 142-154, 222, 223,236-238,251,261,280,281,

442

317, 318,321,333,344,357,372, 417 Marseilles MS 983 ....... 30,411,414 Mathers, S.L. MacGregor ... 15,17, 35,39 Mathiesen, Robert ...................... 25 Maymon ..... ........................ 201, 206 McLean, Adam ................... 26, 420 Mediolanensis MS E37 sup .. . .409, 413, 418 Mediolanensis MS H2 infer .. . 409, 413,418 Meinhold, Johannes Wilhelm ... 35 Mejanes CGM 1918 .... 28, 408, 412 Melakah Elohit ............ .................. 50 Mellon MS 85 ............................ 409 Mercury ...81, 88, 89, 137, 147, 155, 157-169,177, 178, 201, 218, 222, 223,228,229,238-240,251,280, 281,283,303,321,344,345,357, 360,367,402,417 metal... ...............81, 228, 229, 251 Metatron ............... .52, 294, 310, 351 Meteora MS 67 ............ 409, 413, 418 Michael. ...20,49, 71, 108, 120, 314, 324 Michael MS 276 .... 28, 360, 410, 412 Modiat. ....................................... 155 Moloch ......................................... 17 Monacensis Codex Gr. 70. 57, 409, 412,418 Montalte, Cardinal ..................... 95 Moon .. 53, 54, 58, 62, 71, 81, 87-89, 96, 103, 124, 125, 127-138, 152, 167, 169, 181, 198, 212, 222, 223, 233-235,249,251,262,265-270, 280-283,303,316,321,324,332, 333,344,357,377,387,389,391, 398,404,417,421,426 Mora, Peter ............................ 31,42 Morissoneau, Pierre .16,38,61,65, 72

Index Moses ...... 18, 20, 21, 101, 105, 116, 218,253,293,294,297,303,304 Mount Athos MS 282 68, 409, 413, 418 MS Extravagantes 39 ................ 408 MS Germ. Quarto 474 ........ 48,411 MS Lamda II 23 ......................... 411 MS Typ 625 .................. 28, 410, 412 Mucechediel .............................. 181 Mtinchen Clm 28942 ................. 411 Munich Handbook Clm MS 84947 Muriel ................................. 135, 324 Nachiel ....................................... 110 Nachmanides .............................. 49 Naudaeus, GabrieL .................... 23 Neapolitanus MS II C 33 .. 409,412 Needle ................................ 360, 429 Neuchatel MS A18 .................... 409 Noah ............................. 49, 293, 296 Nordkirchen MS 169 .......... 43, 410 North ..... 60, 70, 231, 234, 236, 239, 241,244,246,286,312,324,334, 343,363,373,392,393,394 Ntirnberg MS 34 X .................... 411 Nymphs ............. .......................... 74 Och ...................................... 222,223 Olympic Spirits ................ ... 50, 222 OphieL .......... ..................... 222~ 223 Oriental MS 14759 ...... 53, 410, 413 Oriental MS 6360 ........ 53, 410, 413 Orpheus ....................................... 97 Paimon ....................................... 312 Papillon Vert ................................. 48 Papus ...................................... 28, 38 Paracelsus 47, 96, 97, 207, 215, 415 Parisinus Codex Gr. 2419409, 412, 418 Pentacle ..... 90, 91, 93, 96, 104, 105, 114-118, 121, 124, 125, 130, 131, 134, 135, 139, 140, 146, 147, 153, 155, 161, 163, 168, 170, 171, 181183,186,187,193,197,200,201,

207, 212, 213, 215, 216, 225, 226, 230-249,300,361,384,386-388, 393,394,397-405,421,426,430 Peterson, Joseph .24, 26, 35, 55, 66, 344,360 Pewter ........ ................................ 347 Phaleg................................. 222, 223 Philosophy of Solomon .......... 20, 416 Philostratus ...................... .. ....... 122 Phul ............................. 137, 222, 223 Picatrix .............................. 22,31,44 Pignatelli, Cardinal .................... 94 Pisa MS 139 ............................... 411 Pisces ............................ 89, 282, 333 Pliny ........................................... 122 Pommersfelden MS 35730,411,414 Pope Gelase ......................... 20,416 Pope Innocent VI ........................ 22 Pope Leon ................ .. ................ 147 Pope Sixtus V .............................. 95 Pope Urban VII!.. ........................ 41 Porphyry .. ............................ 96, 215 Prayers of Consecration ............ 25 Preparatio Speculi Salomonis Insignis ................................................... 50 Private Collection MSS 2 ........... 28 Psalms ... 13,285,286,290,304,340, 341,342,347,348,349,360 Psellus, Michael .......................... 20 Pseudo-Philo ................................. 17 Ptolomaeus Graecus ......... See Toz Graecus Queriniana MS E VI 23 ............ 410 Quill .. 60, 61, 252, 311, 312, 314, 319, 344,361 Rabbi Costa Ben Luca .............. 116 Rabbi Hania ............................... 116 Rabbi Isaac .................. ............... 161 Rabbi Nazar ............. 28, 32, 61,420 Rabbi Solomon .... 24, 28, 29, 32, 38, 61,69,72,103,420,421,426 Raphael ...80, 97, 159, 244, 314, 324

443

The Veritable Key of Solomon Rashi ............................................. 61 Raziel ............................................ 49 Reed .............................................. 60 Rehoboam ........................ 57,58,60 Ring of Solomon .................... 34, 297 Rosenthaliana MS 12 .. 53,410, 413 Royal MS 7-D-II .......................... 20 Royale MS III.1152 .................... 410 Rylands GB 0133 Eng MS 4028, 33, 408,413 Sachiel .................... ............ 175, 176 Saint Andrew .................... 263, 378 Salamanders ................................ 74 Salomon is Libri de Gemmis et Daemonibus ....................... 20, 416 Salomonis Trismosini .................. .. 50

Samael ........................ l44, 231, 244 Samax ......................................... 140 Sanhedrin .......... ............................ 61 Sankt-Peterburg MS Q III 645 ... .411 Sankt-Peterburg MS Q III 647 ... 411 Sarabotes ......... ................... 187,192 Satan ............................................. 53 Saturn...... 20, 58, 81, 88, 89, 91, 93, 200,201,203-214,222,223,225, 246-248, 251, 262, 280, 281, 310, 318, 321, 333, 347, 357, 377, 400, 417 Scorpio ................................. 88, 282 Secret of Secrets ... 29, 30, 32, 60, 297 Semiphoras et Schemhamphoras Salomon is ............... ..... 23, 47, 416 Sepher Bilet ................................... 54 Sepher ha-Almadil.. ................... .... 50 Sepher ha-Chohmoth ..................... 54 Sepher ha-Levanah ........................ 53 Sepher ham-Aur ............................ 54 Sepher ha-Mizpon ..... .................... 50 Sepher ha-Nebu 'ah ........................ 50 Sepher ha-Qadmoth ....................... 54 Sepher ha-Razim ........... 19, 49, 50, 62 Sepher ha-Refu'ot ..... ..................... 49

444

Sepher Maphteah Shelomoh . .. 26, 32,

47,49,51,52,53,61,125 Sepher mi-Ha'a lot ha-Yareah ....... 54 Sepher Raziel... ..............19, 33, 50, 53 Sepher Sabne Sha6t ha-Yom ......... 54 Septem Sigilla Planetarum24, 50, 416

Seraphim ..... 190, 294, 305, 313, 340 Seven Heavens ........... 20, 56, 57, 416 Shad Bar Shemoth ha-Sharthathan128 Shaddai ....................... 106,260,293 Shalshelet ha-Qabbalah ................. 53 Shemhamaphorash ....... .... .. ..... 393 Sibley Private Collection MS 4 33, 408,413,421 Sibly, Ebenezer .................. ... 33, 35 Sickle ..285, 303, 343, 344, 345, 363, 364,428,432 Sifra de-Ashmedai ......................... 49 Sifra di-Shelomoh MaIka ............... 49 Sigillum Salomon is ......... 20, 22, 416

Silver..56, 57, 81, 130, 131, 137, 181, 184,251, 267,268,302,321,379 Simon Magus ........................ 53, 54 Sloane MS 130715, 28, 31, 410, 413 Sloane MS 1309 .................... ..... 410 Sloane MS 2383 ...................... ... 415 Sloane MS 2731 ..... .................... 415 Sloane MS 2732 ......................... 415 Sloane MS 307 ..................... 26,415 Sloane MS 3091 ....... 15, 28,43,360, 408,412 Sloane MS 3645 ......30, 33, 368, 408, 413 Sloane MS 3648 ......................... 415 Sloane MS 3805 ......................... 415 Sloane MS 3821 .... ..................... 415 Sloane MS 3824 ........................... 53 Sloane MS 3825 ................... 24, 415 Sloane MS 3847.20, 30, 33, 35, 360, 408,414 Society of Eight ........................... 38 Solomon and Saturn ....... 15, 20, 416

Index Solomonike .. 26, 31, 56, 60, 409, 416, 418 Somers, Baron John ........... ...... ... 33 Somnia Salomonis ........... 23,50,416 Sorath ......................................... 110 South... .... 60, 70, 99, 231, 234, 236, 239,241,244,246,286,312, 324, 334,343,363,373 Speculum Astronomiae ................. 21 Speculum Salomonis ............. 24, 416 Spenser, Edmund ....................... 33 Sphere of Sacrobosco..... .... ............. 21 Spiess Fau stbook ............................ 47 St Cyprian ............................. ....... 47 St John the Baptist ................ 82, 83 St. Petersburg MS ? .. 410,413, 418 St. Petersburg MS 575410, 413, 418 St. Petersburg MS 646410, 413, 418 Staff ......... .... 285, 343, 345, 378, 432 Suidas ......... .. .......... ...................... 49 Summers, Montague .................. 34 Sun ........ 58, 71, 81, 87, 96, 103-106, 108-115,117, 118, 120-123, 215, 222,223,228,231-233,251,257, 261, 262,280-283,294,303,321, 324,333,334,377,387,400,403, 404,417 Suth ..................................... 171, 176 Svvord .. 35,326,327,344,345,363, 364,384,389, 391,393,394,428, 430,432 Sworn Book of Honorius .......... ..... 21 Sylphs ........................................... 74 Table of Solomon ...... ............. 22, 416 Taphthartharat .......................... 158 Taurinensis Codex VII 409,413, 418 Taurus ........... ....... 87, 281, 282, 303 Testament of Solomon 17,34,39,58, 62, 416,417, 418 Tetragrammaton .... 35, 50, 105, 219, 255,259,260,261,286,324,327,394 Theophilus ....................... ............ 47

Thott MS 237 ..................... ........ 411 Thott MS 625 ............................. 411 Three Books of Occult Philosophy 23, 94 Threefold Harrowing of Hell... 23, 47 Throne of Solomon .................. 23, 34 Tin ......... 81, 182, 249, 251, 267, 269, 312,321,347 Tiriel ........................................... 158 Torijano, Pablo .... 17, 23, 56, 57, 58, 62,418 Toz Graecus .. ........24, 29, 30, 32, 61 Tractatus de Palmistria Salomon is ............................................ 22,416 Tractatus de Penthagono Salomonis ........................................... 22,416 Trinity MS 1109 ........................... 22 Trithemius, Johannes .... 22, 23, 24, 30,47,416 Uberlingen MS 164 ................... 410 Umbris Idearum .................... 21, 416 Universal Treatise .24, 25, 26, 29, 32, 369,370,429,430 Uriel... .. 206, 231, 252, 253, 382, 402 Van Pelt Codex 515 .......... 410,412 Varcan ..... ............................. 71,105 Vatican Ar. MS 448 ............. 36,411 Ve-ad be-Ruachoth ShechaIim .. .128 Venus ...81, 88, 89, 91, 94, 131, 137, 147, 151, 167, 177, 186, 187, 189198,201,218,222,223,228,243, 244,245,251,280,281,321,333, 357,360,401,417 Verchiel ............. ......................... 117 Verum Chaldaicum Vin culum ..... 50 Vinculum Solomonis ............ 22, 416 Vindobonensis Codex Gr. 108.409, 413 Virgo ..................... .88, 163, 282, 303 Waite, Arthur Edvvard ...... ......... 15 Wand ..262,285,343,345,377,378, 432

445

The Veritable Key of Solomon

Warburg MS FBH 80 .... 28, 68, 408, 412 Water.. 193, 282, 321, 334, 335, 336, 347,384,389,428,430 Wellcome MS 3670......................... 35 Wellcome MS 4654 .......................415 Wellcome MS 4655 ... 28, 38, 408, 412 Wellcome MS 4656 ... 28, 38, 408, 412 Wellcome MS 4657... 28, 38, 409, 413 Wellcome MS 4658 ... 28,43,409,412 Wellcome MS 4659 ....28,29,43,409, 412,414 Wellcome MS 4660 ... 28,38,409,413 Wellcome MS 4661 ... 28, 38, 408, 413 Wellcome MS 4662 ......... 30, 409, 414 Wellcome MS 4663 ................ .48, 411 Wellcome MS 4664 ......... 29, 409, 414 Wellcome MS 4665 ...................... .415 Wellcome MS 4666 ...28,43,409,412 Wellcome MS 4667......... 29, 409, 414 Wellcome MS 4668 ......... 28, 410, 412 Wellcome MS 4669 .. .. 16,28,29,38, 43,64,65,70,263,273,369,408, 412,414

446

Wellcome MS 4670 . .. 16,17,28,35, 38, 51, 55, 64, 65, 69, 71, 285, 408, 413 Wellcome MS 983 ....... 28,408,413 West ... .... 60, 70, 231, 234, 236, 239, 241,244,246,286,324,343,363, 373 White Handled Knife ................. 85 Wien MS 11262 ............ 30,410,414 Wien MS 11344 ................... 48, 411 Wien MS 11517 ......................... 409 Wier, Johannes .......................... 248 William of Auvergne ... 20, 21,416 Wisdom of Solomon ... 17, 19, 49, 416 Zanoni .. .... .... ..........16, 17, 34, 35, 65 Zayas MS C.V.l ........................ 410 Zayas MS C.XIV.l .................... 410 Zayas MS C.XIV.22 .................. 410 Zazel .................................. ......... 204 Zekorbeni ................30, 31, 32, 42, 44 Zeus ..................... ................. 58, 417 Zittau MS BI07 ................... 43, 410

Zohar ............................................. 49 Zosimus

20, 56, 57, 346, 357, 416

The Veritable Key of Solomon - Stephen Skinner, David Rankine - PDFCOFFEE.COM (2024)

References